Gandhāra，又作健馱邏、犍陀羅、乾陀、乾陀衛、乾陀越。譯曰持地、香行、香徧、香淨、香潔等。國名。西域記二曰：「健馱邏國。舊曰乾陀衛，訛也，北印度境。」慧苑音義下曰：「乾陀羅國，此云持地國，謂昔此國多有道果聖賢。住持其境，不為他國侵害也。又云：乾陀是香，羅謂陀羅，此云徧也。言徧此國內多生香氣之花，故名香徧國。其國在中印度北，北印度南，二界中間也。」玄應音義三曰：「乾陀越國，應云乾陀婆那，此譯云香林。明度經云香淨國。同一也。」次下曰：「香淨，梵言乾陀越，或作健。案阿闍世王女經，云乾陀、云香潔，一云香風國也。」阿闍世王女經曰：「犍陀訶剎土，漢言香潔國。」即今此地尚有有古時大乘流行之形迹，加以古來為印度與希臘交通之衝，西曆紀元前後所製作極精好之佛像亦有發見者。美術，建築學上最有名者也。 山名。四阿含暮抄下曰：「犍陀羅，此云持天地山。」 樹名，略名乾陀。寶樓閣經中曰：「若以乾陀囉樹香和白芥子油伏一切龍。」註曰：「乾陀囉樹香，安息香也。」見健陀條。 色名。名義集三曰：「乾陀羅，或劫賓那，此云黃色。」見健陀條。
(or 乾陀越 or 乾陀衛 or 乾陀婆那) Gandhāra, an ancient kingdom in the north of the Punjab, 'Lat. 35° 5N., Long. 71°16E. ' ( Eitel); famous as a centre of Buddhism. Śākyamuni, in a former life, is said to have lived there and torn out his eyes to benefit others, 'probably a distortion of the story of Dharmavivardhana, who as governor of Gandhāra was blinded by order of a concubine of his father, Aśoka. ' Eitel. M. W. associates Gandhāra with Kandahar. Also, name of a fragrant tree, and of a yellow colour.
譯曰樹皮