yad , see following items, also yac ca , yat khalu , yan nu , yan nūna(m) .
Yad, Yad-idaṃ etc., see ya° 4b.
yad pron. a. ( Nom. sing. m. yaH , f. yA, yat-d n. ) The relative pronoun corresponding to ‘who’, ‘which’ or ‘what’ in English. ( a ) Its proper correlative is tad; yasya budDibalaM tasya ; but sometimes idaM, adas, etad , take the place of tad ; sometimes the relative is used alone, its antecedent ( pb ) being supplied from the context. Not unfrequently two relatives are used in the same sentence; yA yasya yujyate BUmikrA tAM Kalu BAve na taTEva sarve vargyAH pAWitAH Māl. 1 ; yadeva rocate yasmE Bavet tat tasya suMdaram . ( b ) When repeated, the relative pronoun has the sense of ‘totality’, and may be translated by ‘whoever’, ‘whatever’, in which case the correlative pronoun is generally repeated; yo yaH SastraM viBarti svaBujagurubalaH pAMqavInAM camUnAM… kroDAMDastasya tasya svayamiha jagatAmaMtakasyAMtakohaM Ve. 3. 30 ; kriyate yadyadezA kaTayati U. 1 ; yaM yaM paSyasi tasya tasya purato mA brUhi dInaM vacaH Bh. 2. 51. When joined with the interrogative pronoun or its derivatives with or without the particles cid, cana, vA , or api , it expresses the sense of ‘whatever’, ‘any whatsoever,’, ‘any’; suto vA sUtaputro vA yo vA ko vA BavAmyahaM Ve. 3. 33 ; yena kena prakAreRa anyhow, somehow or other; yatra kutrApi, yo vA ko vA, yaH kaScana &c.; yatkiMcidetad ‘this is a mere trifle’; yAni kAni ca mitrARi &c. — ind. As an indeclinable yad is frequently used 1 to introduce a direct or subordinate assertion with or without iti at the end; satyoyaM janapravAdo yatsaMpatsaMpadamanubaDnAtIti K. 73 ; tasya kadAcicciMtA samutpannA yadarTotpattyupAyASciMtanIyAH kartavyASca Pt. 1. 2 or in the sense of ‘because,’ ‘since’; priyamAcarita late tvayA me… yadiyaM punarapyapAMganetrA parivfttArDamuKI mayAdya dfzwA V. 1. 17 ; or kiM Sezasya BaravyaTA na vazuzi kzmAM na kzipatyeza yat Mu. 2. 18 ; R. 1. 27 , 87 ; in this sense yad is often followed by tad or tataH as its correlative; see N. 22. 46. Comp. — api ind. although, though; vakraH paMTA yadapi BavataH Me. 27. — arTaM, -arTe ind. 1 for which, wherefore, why, on which account; SrUyatAM yadarTamasmi hariRA BavatsakASaM prezitaH Ś. 6 ; Ku. 5. 52. 2 since, because; nUnaM dEvaM na SakyaM hi purupeRAtivartitum . yadarTaM yatnavAneva na laBe vipratAM viBo .. Mb. — kAraRaM , — kAraRAt ind. 1 wherefore, on which account. 2 since, because. — kfte ind. wherefore, why, for which person or thing. — BavizyaH a fatalist (one who says ‘what will be will be’); Pt. 1. 318. — vA ind. or ( pb ) else, whether; nEtadvidmaH kataranno garIyo yadvA jayema yadi vA no jayeyuH Bg. 2. 6 ; (often used by commentators in suggesting an alternative meaning). — vfttaM an adventure. — satyaM ind. to be sure, to speak the truth, truly, forsooth; amaMgalASaMsayA vo vacanasya yatsatyaM kaMpitamiva me hfdayaM Ve. 1 ; Mu. 1 ; Mk. 4.
(pron, pron, nt acc sg of ya) whichever; whatever; which (object) Construction: ya + aṃ > ad