past participle adjective · kata 1 · kata 2
Kata (and sometimes kaṭa) [past participle of karoti] done, worked, made. Extremely rare as verb transative in the common meaning of English make, German machen, or French faire (see the cognate kapp and jan, also uppajjati and vissajjati); its proper sphere of application is either ethical (as pāpaṃ, kusalaṃ, kammaṃ: Cp II 1 b) or in such combinations, where its original meaning of "built, prepared, worked out" is still preserved Cp I.1.a nagara, and 2.a. I. As verb-determinant (predicative). 1. in verbal function (passive) with nominal determination "done, made" (a) in predicative (epithetic) position: Dhp 17 (pāpaṃ me kataṃ evil has been done by me), 68 (tañ ca kammaṃ kataṃ), 150 (aṭṭhīnaṃ nagaraṃ kataṃ a city built of bones, of the body), 173 (yassa pāpaṃ kataṃ kammaṃ). (b) in absolute (prothetic) position, often with expression of the agent in instrumental D I 84 = 177 = M I 40 = Snp page 16 (in formula kataṃ karanīyaṃ, etc., done is what had to be done, cf. Arahant II A.); Vin III 72 (kataṃ mayā kalyāṇaṃ akataṃ mayā pāpaṃ); Pv I 5 5 (amhākaṃ katā pūjā done to us is homage). — So also in composition (°-), e.g. (nahāpakehi) °parikammatā the preparations (being) finished (by the barbers) Ja VI 145; (tena) °paricaya the acquaintance made (with him) Vv-a 24; Pv-a 4; (tattha) °paricayatā the acquaintance (with that spot) Vv-a 331; (tesaṃ) °pubba done before D II 75 = A IV 17; (kena) Ja VI 575; °matta (made) drunk Thag 199; (cira) °saṃsagga having (long) been in contact with, familiar Ja III 63 (and a°). 2. in adjective (medium-passive) function (kaṭa and kata); either passive: made, or made of; done by = being like, consisting of; or medio-reflexive: one who has done, having done; also "with" (i.e. this or that action done). (a) in pregnant meaning: prepared, cultivated, trained, skilled; kaṭākaṭa prepared and natural Vin I 206 (of yūsa); akaṭa natural ibid., not cultivated (of soil) Vin I 48 = II 209; Sv I 78, 98; untrained Ja III 57, 58. — °atta self-possessed, disciplined Ja VI 296; °indriya trained in his senses Thag 725; °ūpāsana skilled, especially in archery M I 82; S I 62; A II 48 = IV 429; S I 99; Ja IV 211; Miln 352, °kamma practised, skilled Ja V 243; of a servant S I 205 (read āse for ase), of a thief A III 102 (cf. below II.1.a); °phaṇa having (i.e. with) its hood erected, of a snake Ja VI 166; °buddhi of trained mind, clever Ja III 58; a° ibid.; °mallaka of made-up teeth, an artificial back-scratcher Vin II 316; a° not artificially made, the genuine article Vin II 106; °yogga trained serviceable S I 99; a° useless S I 98. °rūpa done naturally, spontaneously Ja V 317 (explained by °jāniya; °sabhāva); °veṇī having (i.e. with) the hair done up into a chignon Ja V 431; °hattha (one) who has exercised his hands, dexterous, skilful, especially in archery M I 82; S I 62, 98; II 266; A II 48; Ja IV 211,; V 41; VI 448; Miln 353; Dhp-a I 358; a° unskilled, awkward S I 98; su° well-trained Ja V 41 (cf. °upāsana); °hatthika an artificial or toy-elephant Ja VI 551. (b) in ordinary meaning: made or done; °kamma the deed done (in a former existence) Ja I 167; Vv-a 252; Pv-a 10; °piṭṭha made of flour (dough) Pv-a 16 (of a doll); °bhāva the performance or happening of Ja III 400; Mhbv 33; °saṅketa (one who has made an agreement) Ja V 436 (c) with adverbial determination (su°, du°; cf. dūrato, puro, atta, sayaṃ, and II.2.c): sukata well laid out, of a road Ja VI 293, well built, of a cart Snp 300 = 304; Ja IV 395, well done, i.e. good A I 102 (°kamma-kārin doing good works). — dukkata badly made, of a robe Vin IV 279 (-ṭ-), badly done, i.e. evil A I 102 (°kamma kārin); sukata-dukkata good and evil (°kammāni deeds) D I 27 = 55 = S IV 351; Miln 5, 25. 3. as noun (neuter) kataṃ that which has been done, the deed. (a) absolute: Ja III 26 (katassa appaṭikāraka not reciprocating the deed); V 434 (kataṃ anukaroti he imitates what has been done) katākataṃ what has been done and left undone Vin IV 211; katāni akatāni ca deeds done and not done Dhp 50. (b) with adverb determination (su°, du°): sukataṃ goodness (in moral sense) Snp 240; Dhp 314; dukkataṃ badness Vin I 76; II 106; Dhp 314; dukkatakārin doing wrong Snp 664. II. As noun-determinant (attributive) in composition (various applications and meanings). 1. As 1st part of compound: Impersonal, denoting the result or finishing of that which is implied in the object with reference to the act or state resulting, i.e. "so and so made or done"; or personal, denoting the person affected by or concerned with the act. The literal translation would be "having become one who has done" (active: see a), or "to whom has been done" (passive: see b). (a) medio-active. Temporal: the action being done, i.e. "after." The noun-determinates usually bear a relation to time, especially to mealtimes, as katanna-kicca having finished his meal Dāṭh I 59; °bhatta-kicca after the meal Ja IV 123; Pv-a 93; °purebhatta-kicca having finished the duties of the morning Sv I 45 f.; Pj II 131 f. ; °pātarāsa breakfast Ja I 227; Dhp-a I 117, a° before br. A IV 64; °pātarāsa-bhatta the same Ja VI 349; °ānumodana after thanking (for the meal) Ja I 304; °bhattānumodana after expressing satisfaction with the meal Pv-a 141. In the same application: kat-okāsa having made its appearance, of kamma Vv 32 9 (cf. Vv-a 113); Pv-a 63; °kamma (-cora) (a thief) who has just "done the deed," i.e. committed a theft Ja III 34; Vism 180 (katakammā corā and akata° thieves who have finished their "job" and those who have not); Dhp-a II 38 (corehi katakammaṃ the job done by the th.), cf. above I.2.a; °kāla "done their time," deceased, of petas Ja III 164 (pete kāḷakate); Pv-a 29, cf. kāla; °cīvara after finishing his robe Vin I 255, 265; °paccuggamana having gone forth to meet Ja III 93. °paṇidhāna from the moment of his making an earnest resolve (to become a Buddha) Vv-a 3; °pariyosita finished, ready, i.e. after the end was made Vv-a 250; °Buddha-kicca after he had done the obligations of a Buddha Vv-a 165, 319; Sv I 2; °maraṇa after dying, i.e. dead Pv-a 29; °massu-kamma after having his beard done Ja V 309 (see note to II.1. b). — Qualitative: with ethical import, the state resulting out of action, i.e. of such habit, or "like, of such character." The qualification is either made by kamma, deed, work, or kicca, what can be or ought to be done, or any other specified action, as °pāpa-kamma one who has done wrong Dhp-a I 360 (and a°); °karaṇīya one who has done all that could be done, one who is in the state of perfection (an Arahant), in formula arahaṃ khīṇāsavo vusitavā ohitabhāro (cf. above I.1.b and Arahant II.A) M I 4, 235; It 38; Miln 138; °kicca having performed his obligations, perfected, especially of an Arahant, usually in combination with anāsava S I 47, 178; Dhp 386; Pv II 6 15 ; Thig 337, as adjective: kata-kiccāni hi arahato indriyāni Nett 20; °kiccatā the perfection of Arahantship Miln 339. — With other determinations: -āgasa one who has done evil Saddh 294; -ādhikāra having exerted oneself, one who strives after the right path Ja I 56; Miln 115; -āparādha guilty, a transgressor Ja III 42; -ābhinihara (one) who has formed the resolution (to become a Buddha) Ja I 2; Dhp-a I 135; -ābhinivesa (one) who studies intently, or one who has made a strong determination Ja I 110 (and a°); -ussāha energetic Saddh 127; -kalyāṇa in passage kata-kalyāno kata-kusalo katabhīruttāṇo akata-pāpo akata-luddho (luddo) [°thaddho It] akata-kibbiso having done good, of good character, etc. A II 174 = Vin III 72 = It 25 = As 383; Pv-a 174; also passive to whom something good has been done Ja I 137; III 12; Pv II 9 9 ; akata-kalyāṇa a man of {182} bad actions It 25; Pv II 7 9 ; -kibbisa a guilty person M I 39; Vin III 72 (a°), of beings tormented in Hell Pv IV 7 7 ; Pv-a 59; -kusala a good man: see °kalyāṇa; -thaddha hard-hearted, unfeeling, cruel: see {162} °kalyāṇa; -nissama untiring, valiant, bold Ja V 243; -parappavāda practised in disputing with others Sv I 117; -pāpa an evil-doer It 25; Pv II 7 9 (+ akata-kalyāṇa); Pv-a 5; a°: see °kalyāṇa; -puñña one who has done good deeds, a good man D II 144; Dhp 16, 18, 220; Pv III 5 2 ; Miln 129; Pv-a 5, 176; a° one who has not done good (in previous lives) Miln 250; Vv-a 94; -puññatā the fact of having done good deeds D III 276 (pubbe in former births); A II 31; Snp 260, cf. Pj I 132, 230; Ja II 114; -bahukāra having done much favour, obliging Dāṭh IV 39; -bhīruttāṇa one who has offered protection to the fearful: see °kalyāṇa; -bhūmikamma one who has laid the groundwork (of sanctification) Miln 352; -ludda cruel M III 165; a° gentle Nett 180; cf. °kalyāṇa; -vināsaka (one) who has caused ruin Ja I 467; -vissāsa trusting, confiding Ja I 389; -ssama painstaking, taking trouble Saddh 277 (and a°). (b) medio-passive: The state as result of an action, which affected the person concerned with the action (reflexive or passive), or "possessed of, afflicted or affected with." In this application it is simply periphrastic for the ordinary passive. — Note: In the case of the noun being incapable of functioning as verb (when primary), the object in question is specified by °kamma or °kicca, both of which are then only supplementary to the initial kata°, e.g. kata-massu-kamma "having had the beard (-doing) done," as different from secondary nouns (i.e. verb-derivations). e.g. katābhiseka "having had the anointing done." — In this application: °citta-kamma decorated, variegated Dhp-a I 192; °daṇḍa-kamma afflicted with punishment (= daṇḍāyita punished) Vin I 76; °massu-kamma with trimmed beard, after the beard-trimming Ja V 309 (cf. Ja III 11 and karana). - Various combinations: -ñjalin with raised hands, as a token of veneration or supplication Snp 1023; Thig 482; Ja I 17 = Bv XXIV 27; Pv-a 50, 141; Vv-a 78; -attha one who has received benefits Ja I 378; -ānuggaha assisted, aided Ja II 449; Vv-a 102; -ābhiseka anointed, consecrated Mhv 26, 6; -ūpakāra assisted, befriended Ja I 378; Pv-a 116; -okāsa one who has been given permission, received into audience, or permitted to speak Vin I 7; D II 39, 277; Snp 1030, 1031 (°āva°); Ja V 140; VI 341; Miln 95; -jātihiṅgulika done up, adorned with pure vermilion Ja III 303; -nāmadheyya having received a name, called Ja V 492; -paṭisanthāra having been received kindly Ja VI 160; Dhp-a I 80; -pariggaha being taken to wife, married to (instrumental) Pv-a 161 (and a°); -paritta one on whom a protective spell has been worked, charm-protected Miln 152; -bhaddaka one to whom good has been done Pv-a 116; -sakkāra honoured, revered Ja V 353; Mhv 9, 8 (su°); -saṅgaha one who has taken part in the redaction of the scriptures Mhv 5, 106; -sannāha clad in armour Dhp-a I 358; -sikkha (having been) trained Miln 353.2. As 2nd part of compared: Denoting the performance of the verbal notion with reference to the object affected by it, i.e. simply a passive of the verb implied in the determinant, with emphasis of the verb-notion: "made so and so, used as, reduced to" (garukata = garavita). (a) with nouns (see sub voce ) e.g., anabhāva-kata, kavi°, kāla-vaṇṇa° (reduced to a black colour) Vin I 48 = II 209, tālāvatthu°, pamāṇa°, bahuli°, yāni°, saṅkhārūpekkhā°, etc. (b) with adjectives, e.g. garu°, bahu°. (c) with adverbial substitutes, e.g. atta°, para° (paraṃ°), sacchi°, sayaṃ, etc.
kata m. Strychnos Potatorum ( cf. the next), L.
made, done; worked, fashioned, manufactured, treated; performed, carried out; placed; what is done, what has been done
(karoti 的【過分】), 已做，已製造，已做完，已實現。~kamma,【形】 熟練的，業，已做了自己的工作。~kalyāṇa,【形】做善事的人。~kicca,【形】 已運行義務。~añjalī,【形】 合十。~paṭisanthāra,【形】 善待遇。~paricaya,【形】 熟練的，熟悉的。~pātarāsa,【形】 吃了早餐。~puñña,【形】 種福，造福。~puññatā,【陰】 種福的事實。~pubba,【形】 往昔已做的。~bhattakicca,【形】 用了餐的人。~bhāva,【陽】 做了的事實。~vedī,【形】 感謝的。~veditā,【陰】 感恩。~sakkāra, ~saṅgaha,【形】受款待的人。~saṅketa,【中】 約會，預先告示。~sikkha,【形】熟練的人。~anuggaha,【形】被協助的。~adhikāra, ~abhinīhāra, ~abhinivesa,【形】已決議或熱望的人。~aparādha,【形】 有罪的，違反者。~abhiseka,【形】施以塗油禮，供神用的。
(pp, pp of karoti) done; did; completed done, finished, fulfilled Construction: √kar + ta
(nt, nt, pp of karoti) something done; performed action [lit.] done Construction: √kar + ta
(pp, pp of karoti) made; built (of) made Construction: √kar + ta
…该来源共 5 条释义