present 3 singular · iti attho · iti kho panetaṃ vuttaṃ
thus
Iti (ti) (indeclinable) [Vedic iti, of pronoun base *i, cf. Sanskrit itthaṃ thus, itthā here, there; Avesta iϸa so; Latin ita and item thus. Cf. also Pāli ettha; literally "here, there (now), then"] — emphatic {119} deictic particle "thus". Occurs in both forms iti and ti, the former in higher style (poetry), the latter more familiar in conversational prose. The function of "iti" is explained by the old Pāli commentary in a conventional phrase, looking upon it more as a "filling" particle than trying to define its meaning viz. "itī ti padasandhi padasaṃsaggo padapāripurī akkharasamavāyo etc." Nidd I 123 = Nidd II §137. The same explanation also for iti'haṃ (see below IV) I. As deictic adverb "thus, in this way" (Vism 423 iti = evaṃ) pointing to something either just mentioned or about to be mentioned: (a) referring to what precedes Snp 253 (n'eso maman ti iti naṃ vijaññā), 805; It 123 (ito devā ... taṃ namassanti); Dhp 74 (iti bālassa saṅkappo thus think the foolish), 286 (iti bālo vicinteti); Vv 79 10 (= evaṃ Vv-a 307); Vv-a 5. (b) referring to what follows D I 63 (iti paṭisañcikkhati); A I 205 (the same) II. As emphatic particle pointing out or marking off a statement either as not one's own (reported) or as the definite contents of (one's own or other's) thoughts. On the whole untranslatable (unless written as quotation marks), often only setting off a statement as emphatic, where we would either underline the word or phrase in question, or print it in italics, or put it in quotation marks (e.g. bālo ti vuccati Dhp 63 = bālo vuccati). 1. in direct speech (as given by writer or {106} narrator), e.g. sādhu bhante Kassapa lābhataṃ esā janatā dassanāyā ti. Tena hi Sīha tvaṃ yeva Bhagavato ārocehī ti. Evaṃ bhante ti kho Sīho. ... D I 151. 2. in indirect speech: (a) as statement of a fact "so it is that" (cf. English "viz.", German "und zwar"), mostly untranslated Khp IV (arahā ti pavuccati); Ja I 253 (tasmā pesanaka-corā t'eva vuccanti); III 51 (tayo sahāyā ahesuṃ makkaṭo sigālo uddo ti); Pv-a 112 (aṅkuro pañca-sakaṭasatehi ... aññataro pi brāhmaṇo pañca-sakaṭasatehī ti dve janā sakata-sahassehi ... patipannā). (b) as statement of a thought "like this", "I think", so, thus Snp 61 ("saṃgo eso" iti ñatvā knowing "this is defilement"), 253 ("n'eso maman" ti iti naṃ vijaññā), 783 ("iti'han" ti), 1094 (etaṃ dīpaṃ anāparaṃ Nibbānaṃ iti naṃ brūmi I call this name), 1130 (aparā pāraṃ gaccheyya tasmā "Parāyanaṃ" iti). III. Peculiarities of spelling. 1. in combination with other particles iti is elided and contracted as follows: icc eva, t'eva, etc. 2. final a, i, u preceding ti are lengthened to ā, ī, ū, e.g. mā evaṃ akatthā ti Dhp-a I 7; kati dhurānī ti ibid; dve yeva dhurāni bhikkhū ti ibid. IV. Combinations with other emphatic particles: + eva thus indeed, in truth, really; as icc eva Pv I 11 9 (= evam eva Pv-a 59); t'eva Ja I 253; Miin 114; tv eva Ja I 203; II 2. — iti kira thus now, perhaps, I should say D I 228, 229, 240. — iti kho thus, therefore D I 98, 103; III 135. — iti vā and so on (?), thus and such (similar cases) Nidd I 13 = Nidd II §420 A 1 . — itiha thus surely, indeed Snp 934, 1084 (see below under ītihītiha; cf. Pj II Index 669: itiha? and itikirā); It 76; Sv I 247, as iti'haṃ at Snp 783 (same explained at Nidd I 71 as for iti). — kin ti how Ja II 159. -kirā (feminine) [a substantivised iti kira] hearsay, literally "so I guess" or "I have heard" A I 189 = II 191 f. = Nidd II §151. Cf. itiha; -bhava becoming so and so (opposite abhava not becoming) Vin II 184 (°abhava); D I 8 (the same passage = iti bhavo iti abhavo Sv I 91); A II 248; It 109 (the same); see also under ittha; -vāda "speaking so and so", talk, gossip M I 133; S V 73; A II 26; It III 35; -vuttaka (neuter) [a noun formation from iti vuttaṃ] "so it has been said", (book of) quotations, "Logia", name of the fourth book of the Khuddaka-nikāya, named thus because every sutta begins with vuttaṃ h'etaṃ Bhagavatā "thus has the Buddha said" (see khuddaka and navaṅga) Vin III 8; M I 133; A II 7, 103; III 86, 177, 361 f.; Pp 43, 62; Pj I 12. Kern, Toev. sub voce compares the interesting BHS distortion itivr̥ttaṃ; -hāsa [= iti ha āsa, preserving the Vedic form āsa, 3rd singular perfect of atthi] "thus indeed it has been", legendary lore, oral tradition, history; usually mentioned as a branch of brahmanic learning, in phrase itihāsa-pañca-mānaṃ padako veyyākaraṇo etc. D I 88 = (see Sv I 247); A I 163; III 223; Snp 447, 1020. Cf. also Mvu I 556; -hītiha [itiha + itiha] "so and so" talk, gossip, oral tradition, belief by hearsay etc. (cf. itikirā and anītiha. Nidd II spells ītihītiha) M I 520; S I 154; Snp 1084; Nidd II §151.
goes; goes towards; reaches, obtains; reaches (a state); is involved (in)
【無】 如此。（作爲指出剛提到的事物，或是將要提到的，或表示句子已 終止，〔＝。句號〕時常詞前的 i 被丟棄只餘下 ti）。~kira,【無】如是我聞，我曾經聽到如此。
iti ind. 1 This particle is most generally used to report the very words spoken or supposed to be spoken by some one, as represented by the quotation marks in English. The speech reported may be (1) a single word used merely to express what the form of the word is, when it is used as it is ( SabdasvarUpadyotaka ); rAma rAmeti rAmeti kUjaMtaM maDurAkzaraM Rām. ; ata eva gavityAha Bhartṛ. ; (2) or a substantive, which must be put in the nominative case when its meaning is to be indicated ( prAtipadikArTadyotaka ); cayastvizAmityavaDAritaM purA… kramAdamuM nArada ityaboDi saH Śi. 1. 3 ; avEmi cEnAmanaGeti R. 14. 40 ; dilIpa iti rAjeMduH R. 1. 12 ; sometimes with acc. kEvartamiti yaM prAhuH Ms. 10. 34 ; Bg. 6. 2 ; (3) or a whole sentence when iti is merely used at the end of that sentence; ( vAkyArTadyotaka ); jYAsyasi kiyadBujo me rakzati mOrvIkiRAMka iti Ś. 1. 13 ; tayormunikumArayoranyataraHkaTayati akzamAlAmupayAcitumAgatosmIti K. 151. 2 Besides this general sense iti has the following senses:- ( a ) Cause, ( pb ) as expressed by ‘because’, ‘since’, ‘on the ground that’, in English; vEdeSikosmIti pfcCAmi U. ; purARamityeva na sADu sarvaM M. 1. 2 ; oft. with kiM q. v. ( b ) Purpose or motive, as expressed by ‘that’ ‘in order that’ SarIrasya vinASo mA BUditi mayedamutkzipya samAnItaM K. 320 ; R. 1. 37. ( c ) Thus, to mark the conclusion ( opp. aTa ); iti praTamoM'kaH thus or here ends the first Act. ( d ) It is often used to include under one head a number of separate objects grouped together; pfTivyApastejo vAyurAkASaM kAlo digAtmA mana iti dravyARi T. S. ( e ) So, thus, in this manner; ityuktavaMtaM pariraBya dorByAM Ki. 11. 80. ( f ) Of this nature or description; gOraSvaH puruzo hastIti jAtiH . ( g ) As follows, to the following effect; rAmAmiDAno harirityuvAca R. 13. 1. ( h ) As for, in the capacity of, as regards, showing capacity or relation; piteti sa pUjyaH, aDyApaka iti niMdyaH, SIGramiti sukaraM, niBftamiti ciMtanIyaM Bavet Ś. 3. ( i ) It is often used with the name of an author to form an Avyayībhāva comp; itipARini thus according to Pāṇini. ( j ) Illustration (usually with Adi ); iMduriMduriva SrImAnityAdO tadananvayaH Chandr. ; gOH SuklaScalo qitTa ityAdO K. P. 2. ( k ) A quotation or an opinion accepted; iti pARiniH , ityApiSaliH, ityamaraH, viSvaH &c. ( l ) It is often used by commentators after quoting a rule in the sense of ‘according to such a rule’; Saki liN ca ( P. III. 3. 172 ) iti SakyArTe liN Malli. Other senses mentioned are:- ( m. ) Manifestation. ( n. ) Order. ( o ) Arrangement. ( p ) Identity. ( q ) Proximity. ( r ) Visibility. ( s ) Excess or superiority. ( t ) Requiring. ( iti svarUpe sAnniDye vivakzAniyame mate . hetO prakArapratyakzaprakASepyavaDAraRe, evamarTe samAptO ca .. Hem. ). Comp. — arTaH sum and substance, meaning in short (often used by commentators). — arTaM ind. for this purpose, hence. — Adi a. having such a thing or things at the beginning, so forth, et cætera (&c.). — uktaM information, report. — kaTa a. 1 not fit to be believed, untrustworthy. 2 wicked, lost. — (TA) a meaningless or nonsensical talk. — kartavya, -karaRIya ( pb ) a. proper or necessary to be done according to certain rules. — (vyaM, -yaM) duty, obligation; evaM sarvaM viDAyedamitikartavyamAtmanaH Ms. 7. 142 , Ki. 7. 17 ; °tA, -kAryatA, kftyatA any proper or necessary duty, obligation; itikartavyatAmUQaH wholly at a loss what to do, embarrassed, perplexed. — mAtra a. of such extent or quality. — vfttaM 1 occurrence, event 2 a tale, story.
(ind, ind, adv) thus; like this; this is; and so thus
(idiom, idiom, adv + masc) meaning thus; this is the meaning of this thus is the meaning (of this); '…' - meaning of this (Aṭṭhakathā) Construction: iti + attho
(idiom, idiom, ind + ind + ind + pron + pp) so it was said; thus it is said Construction: iti + kho + pana + etaṃ + vuttaṃ
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