masculine · brahma 1 · brahma 2
the Brahma; the Creator
Brahma and Brahmā [from br̥ḥ, see brahant. Perhaps less with regard to the greatness of the divine principle, than with reference to the greatness or power of prayer or the ecstatic mind (i.e. holy enthusiasm). On etymology see Mayrhofer 1994. ([BD]: was: Osthoff, "Bezzenberger's Beitrage" XXIV 142 f. (= MIr. bricht charm, spell: Old-Icelandic bragr poetry))] I. brahman (neuter) [cf. Vedic brāhman neuter prayer; nominative singular bráhma] 1. the supreme good; as a Buddhistic term used in a sense different from the brahmanic (save in controversy with brahmans); a state like that of Brahmā (or brahman) A II 184 (brahmappatta). In compounds brahma°. 2. Vedic text, mystic formula, prayer Sv I 244 (brahmaṃ aṇatī ti brāhmaṇo). {493} II. Brahmā [cf. Vedic brahmān, masculine, one who prays or chants hymns, nominative singular Brahmā] 1. the god Brahmā chief of the gods, often represented as the creator of the Universe (vasavattī issaro kattā nimmātā) D I 18; III 30, also called Mahā Brahmā (D I 235 f., 244 f.; III 30; It 15; Vism 578; Dhp-a II 60); and Sahampati (Vin I 5; D II 157; S I 136 f.; Vism 201; Pj I 171; Pj II 56) and Sanaṃkumāra (D II 226; III 97). The duration of his life is given as being 1 kalpa (see Kv 207, 208). — nominative Brahmā Vin I 5; D II 46; Ja VI 486; Miln 224; Vism 2 (Brahmānaṃ atibrahmā, epithet of Buddha Bhagavā); Pj II 229 (B. mahānubhāvo); genitive ablative brahmano D II 209; Vism 205; Pj II 177; instrumental brahmanā D I 252; II 239; Dhp 105, 230; Vism 48, 405; Dhp-a II 60; accusative Brahmānaṃ D II 37; vocative Brahme S I 138. 2. a brahma god, a happy and blameless celestial being, an inhabitant of the higher heavens (brahma-loka; in which to be reborn is a reward of great merit); nominative singular brahmā S I 142 (Baka br.); M I 327 (the same); A IV 83; Pv-a 138 (°devatā for brahma°?); genitive ablative brahmuno S I 142, 155; instrumental brahmunā D III 147, 150 and brahmanā Pv-a 98; vocative singular brahme M I 328. plural nominative brahmāno Miln 13, 18 (where Ja {442} VI 486 has Mahā-Brahmā in the same passage); As 195; genitive brahmānaṃ Vism 2; Mhbv 151. °paccekabrahmā a br. by himself S I 149 (of the name of Tudu; cf. paccekabuddha). -sabrahmaka (adjective) including the brahma gods D I 62; A II 70; Vin I 11; Sv I 174. III. brahma (adjective/noun) [cf. brahmā II 2; Vedic brahma° and Sanskrit brāhma] 1. holy, pious, brahmanic; (masculine) a holy person, a brahmin — (adjective) Ja II 14 (br. vaṇṇa = seṭṭha vaṇṇa commentary); Pj I 151 (brahma-cariyaṃ = brahmaṃ cariyaṃ). — (masculine) accusative brahmaṃ Snp 285; vocative brahme (frequent) Snp 1065 (= Brahmā ti seṭṭhavacanaṃ Pj II 592); Ja II 346; IV 288; VI 524, 532; Pv I 12 9 (= brāhmaṇa Pv-a 66). 2. divine, as incorporating the highest and best qualities, sublime, ideal, best, very great (see especially in compounds), A I 132 (brahmā ti mātāpitaro etc.), 182; IV 76. 3. holy, sacred, divinely inspired (of the rites, charms, hymns etc.) D I 96 (brahme mante adhiyitvā); Pv II 6 13 (mantaṃ brahmacintitaṃ) = brāhmaṇānaṃ atthāya brahmaṇā cintitaṃ) Pv-a 97, 98). Note: The compound form of all specified bases (I, II, III) is brahma°, and with regard to meaning it is often not to be decided to which of the 3 categories the compound in question belongs. -attabhāva existence as a brahma god Dhp-a III 210; -ujjugatta having the most divinely straight limbs (one of the 32 marks of a Great Man) D II 18; III 144, 155; -uttama sublime As 192; -uppatti birth in the brahma heaven S I 143; -ūposatha the highest religious observance with meditation on the Buddha and practice of the uposatha abstinence A I 207; -kappa like Brahmā Thag 909; -kāya divine body D III 84; Ja I 95; -kāyika belonging to the company of Brahmā, N of a high order of Devas in the retinue of Br. (cf. Kirfel, Kosmographie der Inder, past participle 191, 193, 197) D I 220; II 69; A III 287, 314; IV 40, 76, 240, 401; Thag 1082; Vism 225, 559; Pj I 86; -kutta a work of Brahmā D III 28, 30 (cf. similarly yaṃ mama, pitrā kr̥taṃ devakr̥taṃ na tu brahmakr̥taṃ tat Divy 22). See also under kutta; -giriya (plural) name of a certain class of beings, possibly those seated on Brahmagiri (or is it a certain class of performers, actors or dancers?) Miln 191; -ghaṭa (= ghaṭa 2 ) company or assembly of brahmans Ja VI 99; -cakka the excellent wheel, i.e. the doctrine of the Buddha M I 69; A II 9, 24; III 417; V 33; It 123; Paṭis II 174; Vibh-a 399 (in detail); -cariya see separate article; -cārin leading a holy or pure life, chaste, pious Vin II 236; III 44; S I 5, 60; II 210; III 13; IV 93, A II 44; M III 117; Snp 695, 973; Ja V 107, 382; Vv 34 11 (commentary accusative plural brahmacāraye for °cārino); Dhp 142; Miln 75; Sv I 72 (brahmaṃ seṭṭhaṃ ācāraṃ caratī ti br. commentary); Dhp-a III 83; a° S IV 181; Pp 27, 36; -cintita divinely inspired Pv I 6 13 = Vv 63 16 (of manta); explained at Pv-a 97, as given above III 3, differs from that at Vv-a 265, where it runs: brahmehi Aṭṭhakādīhi cintitaṃ paññācakkhunā diṭṭhaṃ, i.e. thought out by the divine (seer) Aṭṭhaka and the others (viz. composers of the Vedic hymns: v. s. brāhmaṇa 1 , seen with insight); -ja sprung from Brahmā (said of the brāhmaṇas) D III 81, 83; M II 148. Cf. dhammaja; -jacca belonging to a brahman family Thag 689; -jāla divine, excellent net, name of a suttanta (D No. 1) Vism 30; Vibh-a 432, 516; Pj I 12, 36, 97; Pj II 362, 434; -daṇḍa "the highest penalty," a kind of severe punishment (temporary death sentence?) Vin II 290; D II 154; Dhp-a II 112; cf. Kern, Manual page 87; -dāyāda kinsman or heir of Brahmā D III 81, 83; -deyya a most excellent gift, a royal gift, a gift given with full powers (said of land granted by the King) D I 87 (= seṭṭha-deyyaṃ Sv I 246; cf. D.B. I 108 note: the first part of the compound (brahma) has always been interpreted by brahmans as referring to themselves. But brahma as the first part of a compound never has that meaning in Pāli; and the word in our passage means literally "a full gift." — Cf. the same passage Divy 620, where it does not need to mean "gift to brahmans," as index suggests); D I 114; Ja II 166 = Dhp-a III 125 (here a gift to a br., it is true, but not with that meaning); Ja VI 486 (sudinnaṃ + b.); Mhbv 123. We think that both Kern (who at Toev. sub voce unjustly remarks of Buddhaghosa's explanation as "unjust") and Fick (who at Soziale Gliederung page 126 translates it as "gift to a brahman") are wrong, at least their (and others') interpretation is doubtful; -devatā a deity of the Brahmaloka Pv-a 138 (so read for Brahmā°); -nimantanika "addressing an invitation to a brahma-god," title of a suttanta M I 326 f., quoted at Vism 393; -nimmita created by Brahmā D III 81, 83; -patta arrived at the highest state, above the devas, a state like the Br. gods M I 386; A II 184; -patti attainment of the highest good S I 169, 181; IV 118; -patha the way to the Br. world or the way to the highest good S I 141; A III 346; Thag 689. Cf. Geiger, Pāli Dhamma 77; -parāyana devoted to Brahmā Miln 234; -parisā an assembly of the Brahma gods D III 260; M I 330; S I 155; A IV 307; -pārisajja belonging to the retinue of Br., name of the gods of the lowest Rūpa-brahmaloka S I 145, 155; M I 330; Kv 207; cf. Kirfel, Kosmographie der Inder , pages 191, 194; -purohita minister or priest to Mahā Brahmā; °deva gods inhabiting the next heaven above the Br.-pārisajjā devā (cf. Kirfel loc. cit. ) Kv 207 (read °purohita for °parohita!); -pphoṭana [a-pphoṭana; ā + ph.] a Brahmā applause, divine or greatest applause Dhp-a III 210 (cf. Miln 13; Ja VI 486); -bandhu "brahma-kinsman," a brāhmaṇa in descent, or by name; but in reality an unworthy brahman, Thig 251; Ja VI 532; Thig-a 206; cf. Fick, Soziale Gliederung page 140; -bhakkha ideal or divine food S I 141; -bhatta a worshipper of Br. Ja IV 377 sq; -bhavana Br.-world or abode of Br. Nidd I 448; -bhūta divine being, most excellent being, said of the Buddha D III 84; M I 111; III 195, 224; S IV 94; A V 226; It 57; said of Arahants A II 206; S III 83; -yāna way of the highest good, path of goodness (cf. brahma-patha) S V 5; Ja VI 57 (commentary ariyabhūmi: so read for arāya°); -yāniya leading to Brahmā D I 220; -loka the Br. world, the highest world, the world of the Celestials (which is like all other creation subject to change and destruction: see e.g. Vism 415 = Pj I 121), the abode of the Br. devas; heaven. — It consists of 20 heavens, sixteen being worlds of form (rūpa-brahmaloka) and four, inhabited by devas who are incorporeal (arūpa°). The devas of the Br. l. are free from kāma or sensual desires. Rebirth in this heaven is the reward of great virtue accompanied with meditation (jhāna) A I 227 f.; V 59 (as included in the sphere called sahassī cūḷanikā loka-dhātu). — The Brahmās like other gods are not necessarily sotāpannā or on the way to full knowledge (sambodhi-parāyaṇā); their attainments depend on the degree of their faith in the Buddha, {494} Dhamma, and Saṅgha, and their observance of the precepts. — See e.g. D III 112; S I 141, 155, 282; A III 332; IV 75, 103; Snp 508, 1117; Ja II 61; Paṭis I 84; Pv II 13 17 ; Dhs 1282; Vibh 421; Vism 199, 314, 367, 372, 390, 401, 405, 408, 415 f., 421, 557; Mhbv 54, 83, 103 f., 160; Vv-a 68; Pv-a 76; Vibh-a 167, 433, 437, 510. See also Cpd. 57, 141 f.; Kirfel, Kosmographie der Inder , pages 26, 191, 197, 207, and cf. in BHS literature Lal 171. The Br.-l. is said to be the one place where there are no women: Dhp-a I 270; — yāva Brahmalokā pi even unto Br.'s heaven, expression like "as far as the end of the world" M I 34; S V 265, 288. -°ūpaga attaining to the highest heaven D II 196; A V 342; Snp 139; Ja II 61; Kv 114. — °ūpapatti rebirth in heaven Snp 139. -°parāyana the Br.-loka as ultimate goal Ja II 61; III 396. -°sahavyatā the company of the Br. gods A IV 135 f. -yāna the best vehicle S V 5 (+ dhammayāna); -vaccasin with a body like that of Mahā Brahmā, combined with -vaṇṇin of most excellent complexion, in stereotype passage at D I 114, 115; M II 167, cf. Sv I 282: °vaccasī ti Mahābrahmuṇo sarīra-sadisena sarīrena samannāgato; °vaṇṇī ti seṭṭhavaṇṇī; -vāda most excellent speech Vin I 3; -vimāna a palace of Brahmā in the highest heaven D III 28, 29; It 15; Vism 108; -vihāra sublime or divine state of mind, blissful meditation (exercises on (a) altruistic concepts; (b) equanimity; see on these meditations D.B. I 298). There are 4 such "divine states," viz. mettā, karuṇā, muditā, upekkhā (see Vism 111; As 192; and cf. Expositor 258; BMPE 59; {443} BHS same, e.g. Divy 224); D II 196; III 220 (one of the 3 vihāras: dibba°, brahma°, ariya°); Thag 649; Ja I 139 (°vihāre bhāvetvā ... brahmalokūpaga), II 61; Dhs 262; Vism 295 f. (°niddesa), 319; -veṭhana the head-dress of a brahmin Pj II 138 (one of the rare passages where brahma° = brahma III. 1); -sama like Brahmā Snp 508; Pj II 318, 325; As 195; -ssara "heavenly sound," a divine voice, a beautiful and deep voice (with 8 fine qualities: see enumerated under bindu) D II 211 = 227; Ja I 96; V 336.
【陽】 梵天王，造物主。~kāyika,【形】 梵衆（屬於梵天王的伴 侶）。~ghosa,【形】 梵音。~cariyā,【陰】 梵行，完成純潔。~cārī, 過梵行的生活。~jacca,【形】 屬於婆羅門（印度的世襲）階級。~ñña,【中】 ~ññatā,【陰】 婆羅門團體，純粹的生活。~daṇda,【陽】 梵罰 （以冷落爲處罰）。【形】 ~deyya,【中】 淨施，忠誠的施與。~ppatta,【形】 到達最高的境界。~bandhu,【陽】 梵天王的親戚，即：婆羅門。~bhūta,【形】 最優良的。~loka,【陽】 梵的世界。~vimāna,【中】 梵 宮。~vihāra,【陽】 梵居，即：慈 mettā, 悲 karuṇā, 喜 muditā, 舍 upekkhā 的總稱。
brahma The Supreme Spirit.
(masc, masc, atta group, irreg) God; creator god Brahma, Creator Construction: √brah + ma
(masc, masc, atta group, irreg) Brahman; holy man Construction: √brah + ma
(adj, adj) long; extended; fully grown Construction: √brah + ma
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