míngdá
明者三明，達者三達。在阿羅漢云三明，在佛云三達，明者明了之義。達者通達之義。無量壽經下曰：「智慧明達。」
Enlightenment 明in the case of the saint includes knowledge of future incarnations of self others, of the past incarnation of self and others, and that the present incarnation will end illusion. In the case of the Buddha such knowledge is called 達 thorough or perfect enlightenment.
reasonable; sensible
to understand; to know
明是指三明，達是指三達。在阿羅漢叫做三明，在佛則叫做三達。明是明了的意思，達是通達的意思。
明白通曉；清清楚楚，南傳作「洞察」(nibbedhika)。如定型句「成就世間生滅智慧，賢聖、出厭離、決定、正盡苦」(雜阿含679經)，「修行智慧，觀興衰法，得如是智：聖、慧明達，分別曉了，以正盡苦」(中阿含經)，南傳作「具備導向生起與滅沒之慧；聖、洞察，導向苦的完全滅盡[之慧]」(udayatthagāminiyā paññāya samannāgato ariyāya nibbedhikāya sammā dukkhakkhayagāminiyā)，而「慧明達；洞察慧」(nibbedhika-paññā)，另譯為「抉擇慧；擇慧；明達慧」。 (相關詞「明達智慧」)