indeclinable · yāva tāva · yāva 1
as far as
up to; as far as; so far that. (+ ablative)
Yāva (adverb) [Vedic yāvat as neuter of yāvant used as adverb in meanings 1 and 2. The final t is lost in Pāli, but restored as d in certain combinations: see below 2. — Cf. tāva and kīva]. 1. (as preposition) up to (a point), as far as, how far, so far that (cf. tāva I), both temporal and local, used either with absolute form of noun or adjective (base), or nominative, or ablative or accusative (a) absolute: y. sahassa up to 1000. Pv-a 21; y. sattama up to the seventh D I 238. (b) nominative: y. deva-bhava-sampatti up to the attainment of a deva existence Pv-a 167; y. satta divasā up to 7 days, as long as 7 days Pv-a 31. (c) with ablative: y. brahmalokā up to the highest heaven A III 17; y. mekhalā down to her girdle Pv-a 46; yāva āyu-pariyosānā up to the end of life Pv-a 200; y. ajjadivasā till the present day Mhv 32, 23; y. kappāvasānā up to the end of the world Vism 688 (where Pj II 5 in same passage reads accusative °āvasānaṃ); y. kāla-ppavedanā Ja I 118 + Dhp-a I 248; y. mukhasmā up to the brim Miln 238; yāva bhummāvalambare hang down to the ground Pv II 10 2 . (d) with accusative y. Bodhimaṇḍaṃ as far as the Bodhimaṇḍa Mhv 30, 88; y. tatiyakaṃ for the 3rd time (i.e. the last time; ascending scale!) D I 95; y. tatiyaṃ the same Vin IV 236 samanubhāsitabba); Snp 1116; Ja IV 126. — Frequently in phrase yāva jīvaṃ (see under compounds). Sattamāsaṃ cha pañca cattāro ti vatvā yāva temāsaṃ yāciṃsu "after having said 7, 6, 5, 4, months they begged down to 3 months" Pv-a 20. — With starting point, local: pādatalato ... yāvakesaggaṃ from the sole of the foot to the tip of the hair ("from tip to toe") Dhp-a I 70; (in modal sense:) paṭhavī-kasiṇato paṭṭhāya yāva odāta-kasiṇaṃ "from the one to the other" Vism 374. Similarly in correlation yāva ... tāva (see tāva 1.) as far ... so far, until ... so long: y. rājā āgacchati tāva ubho ramissāma Ja IV 190; heṭṭhā pi yāva Avīci upari yāva Akaniṭṭha-bhavanaṃ, tāva addasa Vism 392; yāva naṃ ānemi tāva idh'eva tiṭṭha Dhp-a III 194. 2. (as adverb) how, how much, to which or what extent, as great or as much (as) (cf. tāva II 2), usually in combination yāva mahā (mahantaṃ), e.g. yāva mahantaṃ how big Pv-a 77 (= yādisaṃ of Pv II 1 19 ); Vv-a 325 = Dhp-a I 29 (yāva mahantaṃ). Also in other combinations, like yāva dukkhā Nirayā how (or as) many painful Hells Snp 678; yāva dukkhā tiracchānayoni M III 169; yāva pāpo ayaṃ Devadatto alakkhiko ... "how very wicked is this D." Vin II 196 Further in combination with attha(ṃ), and eva, in which cases the final d is restored, or may be regarded as euphonic. {555} Thus yāvad-atthaṃ as far as need be, as much as you like (with imperative) Pv IV 5 7 (khādassu y.); Vibh-a 504 (= yattakaṃ icchati tattakaṃ); Ja V 338; Pv-a 217 (gaṇhāhi). Cf. Vin III 37 (yāvadatthaṃ katvā "pleasing herself"). — As adjective sufficient, plenty M I 12 (paripuṇṇa ... suhita y.); Pv-a 24 (= pahūta). yāvad-eva [cf. the similar tāva-d-eva] "as much as it is (in extent)" i.e. with limitation as far as is necessary, up to (i.e. not further or more than), ever so much, as much as you like, at least; (then:) as far as, in short, altogether, indeed. — The same idea as our definition is conveyed by Buddhaghosa's at Pj II 503 (on Snp page 140) "paricchedāvadhāraṇa-vacanaṃ," and at Dhp-a II 73 "avadhiparicchedana": giving a limitation, or saying up to the limit. S II 276; Snp page 140; Dhp 72; and in stock phrase "n'eva davāya ... yāvad eva imassa kāyassa ṭhitiyā ..." ("in short"); see passages under yātrā. The explanation of yāvad eva in this phrase as given at As 403 runs: "āhārāharaṇe payojanassa pariccheda-niyamadassanaṃ," of which the translation Expositor II 512 is "so as to suffice signifies the limit of the result of taking food." Neumann's translation ( M.S. ) at M I 10 is "but only." Note: In the stock phrase of the Buddha's refusal to die until his teaching has been fully proclaimed (Mahā-PariNibbāna Sutta) "among gods and men" D II 106 (= 114, 219; III 122; A IV 311) "yāva-deva-manussehi suppakāsitaṃ" (translation D.B. II 113: "until, in a word, it shall have been well proclaimed among men") we are inclined to consider the reading yāva deva° as original and better {498} than yāvad-eva, although Rh.D. ( D.B. II 236) is in favour of the latter being the original. Cf. K.S. II 75 note. The phrase seems to require yāva only as continuation of the preceding yāvas; moreover the spirit of the message is for the whole of the worlds cf. BHS yāvad-deva manuṣyebhaḥ Divy 201. It is not a restriction or special definition of meaning at this passage. But may it not be taken as a summing up = "in short"? It is left doubtful. If it is = yāva, then we should expect yāva na, as in the preceding sentence, if it is yāvad eva the meaning "not more than made known by men" seems out of place; in this case the meaning "at least" is preferable. A similar case of insertion of a euphonic consonant m (or is it the a- stem neuter in °ṃ instead of °t as in yāvat?) we find in the phrase yāvam pi at Ja V 508 (with potential tiṭṭheyya; see below 3; commentary explains by yattakaṃ kālaṃ). — The form yāvade (for yāvad eva) also occurs (like tāvade for tāvad eva) at M II 207. — For yad-idaṃ we find yāvañ c'idaṃ at A III 34; M III 169. — The latter form (yāvaṃ, as above Ja V 508) is better to be grouped directly under yāvant, where more and similar cases are given. 3. (as conjunction) so long as, whilst, until (cf. tāva II 3, 4; III); either with future or potential or prohibitive. E.g. S I 202 (ahu pure dhammapadesu chando y. virāgena samāgamimha; translation "until I met with that pure thing and holy"); Ja VI 266 (y. āmantaye); Pv-a 4 (tāva ayyo āgametu yāva ayaṃ puriso ... pānīyaṃ pivissati or: "you shall wait please, until he shall drink"). Negative yāva ... na not until, unless, as long as not D II 106 (na paribbāyissāmi ... yāva ... na bhavissati); S I 47 (y. na gādhaṃ labhati); Dhp 69 (yattakaṃ kālaṃ na ... Dhp-a II 50). -kālika (cf. tāva II 1) "as far as the time or occasion goes," occasional, temporary, at Vin I 251 in following context (cf. yāmakālika): "kappati ... yāvakālikena, yāmakālikaṃ na kappati, kappati yāvakālikena sattāhakālikaṃ na k. etc. with following yāvajīvikaṃ and the same with kappati yāma-kālikena, sattāha-kālikena na k.; kappati satt°, yāvajīvikaṃ, na k." The reply of the Buddha is: yāvakālikena yāmakālikaṃ tadahu paṭiggahitaṃ kāle kappati vikāle na kappati (same with sattāhakālikaṃ and yāvajīvikaṃ); followed by yāmakālikena ... sattāhakālikaṃ and yāvajīvikaṃ; sattāhakālikena ... jāvajīvikaṃ." -jivaṃ (adverb) for the length of one's life, life-long, all one's life, for (a) life (-time) Vin I 80; II 197; III 23; It 78; Dhp 64, 284; Vism 94; Dhp-a I 45; Pv-a 76, 110 (= satataṃ). Cf. BHS yāvajīva-sukhya Avś II 37; -tajjanī (°vinīta) led only as long as kept under a threat A I 285 (one of the 3 parisās; so read with v.l. for Text yāvatajjhā°); -tatiyaka "as much as 3 times," name of the last 4 monks' Saṅghādisesa offences, because before the punishment is inflicted warning must have been given 3 times: see passage of Vin III 186 under yāva t-ihaṃ; -tihaṃ (read as yāvat-ihaṃ, the latter = aha 2 day) as many days as ...; in the following passage: uddiṭṭhā ... terasa saṅghādisesā dhammā, nava paṭham-āpattikā cattāro yāvatatiyakā, yesaṃ bhikkhu aññataraṃ vā aññataraṃ vā āpajjitvā yāvatihaṃ jānaṃ paṭicchādeti tāvatihaṃ tena bhikkhunā akāmā parivatthabbaṃ (for as many days as he knowingly conceals his sin, for so many days ...), parivuttha-parivāsena bhikkhunā uttariṃ chārattaṃ bhikkhumānattāya paṭipajjitabbaṃ. Vin III 186.
【無】 一直到，等於，遠到，直到，至於，遠得很。~kālika,【形】 臨時的。~jīva,【形】 一生的，終身的，畢生的。~jīvaṃ,【副】 個人一生壽命的長久。~jīvika,【形】 活足一生的壽命。~taka,【形】 差不多，和…一樣多，遠到。~tatiyaṃ,【副】 直到第三次。~datthaṃ,【副】就個人的喜歡，至於需要。
(idiom, idiom, adv + adv) as long as… then; as far as… that much; until… to that extent
(ind, ind, adv) as long as; as far as; so much so; up to; until; from… to up to, as far as, so far that
(ind, ind, adv) how; how much; how well