upa
u/pa ind. (a preposition or prefix to verbs and nouns, expressing) towards, near to (opposed to apa , away), by the side of, with, together with, under, down ( e.g. upa-√ gam , to go near, undergo; upa-gamana , approaching; in the Veda the verb has sometimes to be supplied from the context, and sometimes upa is placed after the verb to which it belongs, e.g. Ayayur upa = upA yayuH , they approached). (As unconnected with verbs and prefixed to nouns upa expresses) direction towards, nearness, contiguity in space, time, number, degree, resemblance, and relationship, but with the idea of subordination and inferiority ( e.g. upa-kanizWikA , the finger next to the little finger; upa-purARam , a secondary or subordinate Purāṇa ; upa-daSa , nearly ten)