Tera · adjective (f. ~ā ~ī)& m & ~ī, feminine · thera 2.1
elder
Thera [Vedic sthavira. Derivation uncertain. It may come from sthā in sense of standing over, lasting (one year or more), cf. thāvara old age, then "old = venerable"; (in meaning to be compared with Latin senior, etc. from numeral sem "one" = one year old, i.e. lasting over one and many more years). Cf. also vetus = Greek ἔτος, year, English wether, one year old ram, as compound with veteran, old man. Or it may come from sthā in derived °stheṷā in sthūra (sthūla: see etymology under thūla) thus, "strong = venerable"] technical term only used with reference to the bhikkhus of Gotama Buddha's community. (a) (adjective) senior, Vin I 47, 290 (th. bhikkhū as opposed to navā bh. a novice), 187; II 16, 212. — Theranutherā bhikkhū seniors and those next to them in age dating not from birth, but from admission to the Order). Three grades are distinguished, Thera bh., majjhima bh., nava bh., at D I 78. — See also A II 23, 147, 168; V 201, 348; D III 123 f., 218; Dhp 260, 261. In Saṅgha-Thera, used of Bhikkhus not senior in the Order, the word Thera means distinguished. Vin II 212, 303. In MahāThera the meaning, as applied to the 80 bhikkhus so called, must also have some similar meaning Dīpv IV 5 Ps.B. xxxvi.; Ja V 456. At A II 22 it is said that a bhikkhu, however junior, may be called Thera on account of his wisdom. It is added that four characteristics make a man a Thera — [1] high character, [2] knowing the essential doctrines by heart, [3] practising the four Jhānas, [4] and being conscious of having attained freedom through the destruction of the mental intoxications. It is already clear that at a very early date, before the Aṅguttara reached its extant shape, a secondary meaning of Thera was tending to supplant that of senior — that is, not the senior of the whole Order, but the senior of such a part of the Saṅgha as live in the same locality, or are carrying out the same function. Note: Thera in thero vassiko at S IV 161 is to be read tero-vassiko. -gāthā hymns of senior bhikkhus, name of a canonical book, incorporated in the Khuddaka-Nikāya; -tara , very senior, as opposed to navatara, novice D II 154; -vāda the doctrine of the Theras, the original Buddhist doctrine M I 164; Dīp IV 6, 13.
thera , m. (= Pali id. cf. sthera ; MIndic for Skt. sthavira, which has this mg. ), old man (decrepit; not in religious sense): Mv iii.4.17 ( vs ).
(m.fn.) thick; solid; firm; (adjective) old, elderly; elder, senior; venerable; elder, senior in the saṅgha (ordained for 10 years or more); (masculine) an elder in the saṅgha; a venerable bhikkhu (of whatever seniority); therī, feminine
【陽】 上座，長老，長者，有十個戒臘以上的比丘。【形】 老，年長者。~gāthā,【陰】 《長老偈》。~vāda,【陽】 長老的教義，南傳佛教，上座部，長老說佛教。
<b> <c c="#a00149">Thera</c> </b> <br>Name of a monk in Rājagaha. He lived in solitude, the virtues of which state he extolled. Hearing this, the Buddha sent for him and taught him how the solitary life could be perfected in detail. <c c="#3b6bd3">SN.ii.282f.</c> <br> <br> </deftext>
(abbrev, abbrev) abbreviation of Therāpadāna
(adj, adj, from tiṭṭhati) old; elderly; senior old, elder [lit.] lasting Construction: √ṭhā > thā + ira > thera
(masc, masc, from tiṭṭhati) elder; senior monk; monastic of ten or more years standing elder, senior, monk who has spent 10 years from his upasampadā [lit.] lasting Construction: √ṭhā > thā + ira > thera
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