eight miseries. 1) {skye ba'i sdug bsngal} the misery of birth. 2) {rga ba'i sdug bsngal} the misery of old age. 3) {na ba'i sdug bsngal} the misery of sickness. 4) {'chi ba'i sdug bsngal} the misery of death. 5) {sdug pa dang bral pa'i sdug bsngal} the misery of separation from what one loves. 6) {mi sdug pa dang phrad pa'i sdug bsngal} the misery of meeting with what one does not want. 7) {'dod pa thog du ma bab pa'i sdug bsngal} the misery of not finding what one seeks for. 8) {nye bar len pa'i sdug bsngal} the misery of taking up the five aggregates