saMmuKam
saṃmukham , adv. and postpos. ( cf. prec. ; used in Skt. in somewhat similar but, it seems, not quite identical ways), ( 1 ) adv. , in personal presence , without dependent noun: replacing adj. saṃmukha , q.v. , with gāthā, as in ābhiḥ sārūpyābhir gāthābhiḥ °kham (note position, which is very exceptional but significant, proving that saṃmukham has no dependent) abhiṣṭutya SP 162.8 ; bhagavantaṃ °kham ābhir gāthābhiḥ … 161.4 ; 166.4 , and similarly 166.12 ; 170.6 ; 172.15 ; LV 361.14 ; 362.19 ; 364.17 ; Mv iii.343.14 (read with mss. ); Sukh 7.9 ; Bhagavatā (in Av Ānandena) sārdhaṃ °khaṃ … kathāṃ vyatisārya Divy 70.10 ; 619.1 ; Karmav 29.17 ; Av i.229.2 ; saṃmukhaṃ me bhadanta Bhagavato 'ntikāc chrutaṃ °kham udgṛhītam Divy 206.28 , from the Lord in person I heard and received ; the position of saṃmukham in this Divy passage seems to prove that it is a pure adv. , without dependent, also in bhagavato 'ntikāt °khaṃ śrutvā SP 69.7 , and (with slight variations) 70.12 ; 100.2 ; 222.9 ; doubtless so interpret also śāstu saṃmukhaṃ śāṇaṃ pāṃśukūlaṃ pratigrahe Mv iii.54.15 (repetition 16), (Kāśyapa) received from the Teacher ( prob. abl. , śāstu) face to face a robe … ; ( 2 ) postpos. with gen. , in the presence (of) : so prob. ( cf. s.v. saṃmukhā 1) bhagavato saṃmukhaṃ pratiśrutvā °khaṃ pratigṛhītvā (so with 1 ms. , Senart em. wrongly) Mv ii.257.15 , having heard and accepted it in the Lordʼs own presence (but possibly from the Lord, in his presence , as in Divy 206.28 above); bahudharmaḥ śruto 'smābhir lokanāthasya saṃmukhaṃ SP 70.3 ( vs ); naigamajānapadānāṃ ca °kham evaṃ saṃśrāvayet 108.8 (prose); me … °kham 342.1 ( vs ), in my presence ; ( 3 ) with a verb of giving, to , with loc. or gen. : dadanti dānāni … jineṣu °kham SP 13.11 ( vs ), they give gifts to the Jinas ; virtually same phrase with jināna °kham 13.14 , and sugatāna °kham 13.16 ( vss ).