masculine · rukkha 1 · rukkha 2
tree
a tree
Rukkha [Vedic vr̥kṣa. See Geiger, Pāli Grammar §13, with note. Pischel, Pkt Gr. §320 puts rukkha to Sanskrit rukṣa (shining which as Pischel, following Roth, says has also the meaning "tree" in R̥gveda). The Prākrit form is rukkha. Cf. Wackernagel, Altind. Gram. 1, §184 b. We find a byform rakkha at Ja III 144. Cf. Ps.B. , past participle 185, 416, where the B ms has rukkha kathā the meaning being rakkha°] a tree. In the rukkha-mūlikaṅga (see below) Buddhaghosa at Vism 74 gives a list of trees which are not to be selected for the practice of "living at the root of a tree." These are sīmantarika-rukkha, cetiya°, niyyāsa°, phala°, vagguli°, susira°, vihāra-majjhe ṭhita°, or a tree standing right on the border, a sacred tree, a resinous tree, a fruit t., a tree on which bats live, a hollow tree, a tree growing in the middle of a monastery. The only one which is to be chosen is a tree "vihāra-paccante ṭhita," or one standing on the outskirt of the Vihāra. He then gives further advice as to the condition of the tree. — Various kinds of trees are given in the definition of r. at Vism 183, viz. assattha, nigrodha, kacchaka, kapitthaka; ucca, nīca, khuddaka, mahanto; kāḷa, seta. — A very complete list of trees mentioned in the Saṃyutta Nikāya is to be found in the index to that Nikāya ( vol. VI, page 84, 85 ). On rukkha in similes see JPTS 1907, past participle 128-130. — See also the following references.: A I 137; II 109, 207; III 19, 200, 360; IV 99, 336; V 4 f., 314 f.; Snp 603, 712; Ja I 35 (nāga°); Vism 688 (in simile: mahārukkhe yāva kappāvasānā bījaparamparāya rukkha-paveṇiṃ santāyamāne ṭhite); Vibh-a 165 = Vism 555 (rukkha phalita); Vibh-a 196 (in combination: jātassa avassaṃ jarā-maraṇaṃ, uppannassa rukkhassa patanaṃ viya), 334 f. (as garu-bhaṇḍa); Pj II 5 ("paṭhavi-rasādim iva rukkhe": with same simile as at Vism 688, with reading kappāvasānaṃ and santānente); Dhp-a III 207 (amba°); Vv-a 43 (rāja°), 198 (amba°); Dhp-a IV 120 (dīpa°); Pv-a 43. {513} -antara the inside of a tree Pv-a 63; -koṭṭaka (°sakuṇa) the wood-pecker Ja III 327 (= java sakuṇa); -gahana tree-thicket or entanglement A I 154 (so for °gahaṇa); -devatā a tree spirit, dryad, a yakkha inhabiting a tree (rukkhe adhivatthā d. Vin IV 34; Ja II 385; kakudhe adhivatthā d. Vin I 28) Ja I 168, 322; II 405, 438 f. (eraṇḍa°), 445; III 23; IV 308 (vanajeṭṭhaka-rukkhe nibbatta-devatā); Dhp-a II 16; Pv-a 5 (in a Nigrodha tree), 43 (in the Vindhya forest). They live in a Nigrodha tree at the entrance of the village (Ja I 169), where they receive offerings at the foot of the tree (cf. IV 474), and occasionally one threatens them with discontinuance of the offerings if they do not fulfil one's request. The trees are their vimānas (Ja I 328, 442; IV 154), occasionally they live in hollow trees (Ja I 405; III 343) or in tree tops (Ja I 423). They have to rely on the food given to them (ibid); for which they help the people (Ja III 24; V 511). They assume various forms when they appear to the people (Ja I 423; II 357, 439; III 23); they also have children (Vin IV 34; Ja I 442); -paveṇi lineage of the tree Vism 688; -pāṇikā a wooden spoon Vism 124 (as opposed to pāsāṇa°); -mūla the foot of a tree (taken as a dwelling {572} by the ascetics for meditation: D I 71, where several such lonely places are recommended, as arañña, r-m., pabbata, kandara, etc. — Sv I 209 specifies as "yaṃ kiñci sanda-cchāyaṃ vivittaṃ rukkha-mūlaṃ"); A II 38; IV 139, 392; S I 199 (°gahana); It 102; Snp 708, 958; Nidd I 466; Pp 68; Pv-a 100 (v.l. sukkha-nadī), 137 (Gaṇḍamba°, with reference to the Buddha). —° gata one who undertakes living at the foot of a tree (as an ascetic) A III 353; V 109 f., 207, 323 f.; Pp 68. -°senāsana having one's bed and seat at the foot of a tree for meditative practices as a recluse Vin I 58 (as one of the 4 nissayas: piṇḍiyālopa-bhojana, paṃsukūla-cīvara, r.-m. s., pūti-mutta bhesajja), 96 (the same); A IV 231; -mūlika (a) one who lives at the foot of a tree, an open air recluse M I 282; III 41; A III 219; Ja IV 8 (āraññaka, paṇṇasālaṃ akatvā r., abbhokāsika);(b) belonging to the practice of a recluse living under a tree "tree rootman's practice" ( Path 84); as °aṅga one of the (13) dhutaṅga-practices; i.e. practices for a scrupulous way of living Vism 59, 74, 75 (mentioned between the ārannikaṅga and the abbhokāsikaṅga); -mūlikatta the practice of living (alone) under a tree M III 41 (mentioned with paṃsukūlikatta and piṇḍapātikatta); A III 109 (the same); -sunakha "tree dog," a certain animal Ja VI 538 (commentary in explanation of naḷa-sannibha "reed-coloured"); -susira a hollow tree Pv-a 62.
【陽】 樹。~gahaṇa,【中】 樹叢。~devatā,【陰】 樹神。~mūla,【中】 樹腳（樹底下）。~mūlika,【形】 樹下住（居住在樹下的人）。~susira,【中】 空心樹。
(masc, masc) tree tree
(nt, nt) tree