adverb · pure 1 · pure 2
before
pure , and m.c. puri , adv. (= Pali , AMg. pure, Skt. puras), in BHS only of time (but see purebhāga ), formerly, before : quasi- adj. , pure bhave LV 385.6 ( vs ) in a former existence , and ( m.c. ) puri bhavi LV 165.9 ( vs ), id. ; tatpure Mv i.192.13 ( vs ), before that ; as simple adv. , pure LV 11.13 ; 282.21 ; Mv ii.34.17 ; 169.2 (see Senartʼs note ), in a vs virtually repeated iii.148.11 and 185.9 (in the last Senart strangely em. to purā, tho mss. read pure, which he keeps in the other places, or v.l. puro); iii.445.13 ; RP 27.18 ; puri, only in vss m.c. , LV 165.13 ; 169.1 ; 230.13 ; 352.19 .
before; formerly; earlier
Pure (indeclinable) [is the genuine representative (with Māgadhī e) of Vedic puraḥ, which also appears as *puro in purohita, as *pura in purakkharoti. It belongs to base Indo-Germanic °per (cf. pari), as in Greek πάρος before, earlier, πρέσβυς "preceding in life," i.e. older; Old High German first] before (both local and temporal), thus either "before, in front" or "before, formerly, earlier." In both meanings the opposite is pacchā (a) local S I 176 (pure hoti to lead); Ja II 153 (opposite pacchima) (b) temporal S I 200; Snp 289, 311, 541, 645, 773 (= atītaṃ Nidd I 33; opposite pacchā); Dhp 348 (opposite pacchato); Ja I 50 (with ablative pure puṇṇamāya). Often meaning "in a former life," e.g. Vv 34 8 , 34 13 ; Pv I 2 1 (= pubbe atītajātiyaṃ Pv-a 10); II 3 2 (cf. purima); II 4 2 ; II 7 4 (= atītabhāve Pv-a 101); II 9 13 . — apurāpacchā neither before nor after, i.e. simultaneously Pp-a 186 (see apubbaṃ) — puretaraṃ (adverb) first, ahead, before any one else Dhp-a I 13, 40. (c) modal, meaning "lest" Sv I 4; cf. purā in same sense Jm 28. -cārika going before, guiding, leading, only in phrase °ṃ katvā putting before everything else, taking as a guide or ideal Ja I 176 (mettā-bhāvanaṃ); III 45 (the same), 180 (khantiñ ca mettañ ca); VI 127 (Indaṃ); Pp-a 194 (paññaṃ). -java [cf. BHS purojava attendant Divy 211, 214, 379; also Vedic puroyāva preceding] preceding, preceded by, controlled by (= pubbaṅgama) S I 33 (sammā-diṭṭhi°); Snp 1107 (dhamma-takka°, cf. Nidd II §318). -jāta happening before, as logical category (°paccaya) "antecedence"; Vism 537 (elevenfold) = Tikap 17; frequent in Dukap and Tikap (as ārammaṇa° and vatthu°), cf. Vibh-a 403 (°ārammaṇa and °vatthuka); -dvāra front door Ja II 153; -bhatta the early meal, morning meal, breakfast [cf. BHS purobhaktakā Divy 307] Vv-a 120; Pv-a 109; °ṃ in the morning Vv-a 51; Pv-a 78; °kicca duties after the morning meal Sv I 45 f.; Pj II 131 sq. -bhava "being in front," i.e. superior Sv I 75 {422} (in exegesis of porī); -samaṇa one who wanders ahead of someone else Vin II 32 (opposite pacchā°).
【副】 在…之前，從前，比較早的。~cārika,【形】 走在前頭的，領先的。~java,【形】 跑在前面的。~taraṃ,【副】 在任何人之前，最早的。~bhatta,【中】 午前。
(ind, ind, adv, from pura) before; earlier before
(ind, ind, adv, from pura) formerly; previously; in the past formerly, earlier
(ind, ind, prep) in front (of); before