adjective · paṭi 1.1 · paṭi 2.1
against
prefix having the meanings; against; opposite, towards, in opposition to
Paṭi (indeclinable) [Vedic, prati, to Indo-Germanic °preti as in Latin pretium (from °pretios) "price" (cf. precious), i.e. equivalent; Greek πρές (aeol.), προτί, πρός against] directional prefix in well-defined meaning of "back (to), against, towards, in opposition to, opposite." As preposition (with accusative and usually postponed) towards, near by, at; usually spelt pati (cf. sampati and sampaṭika) Snp 291 (?), 425 (Nerañjaram (pati); Thag 628 (suriyass'uggamanam p.); Thig 258 (abhiyobbanam p.), 306 (Nerañjaram p.); Ja I 457 (paṭi suriyaṃ thatvā standing facing the sun); IV 93; VI 491; Pv II 9 41 (suriy'uggamanam p.); Miln 116 (dānam p.); Pv-a 154 (paṭi Gaṅgaṃ against the G.). — Most frequent combinations are: paṭi + ā (patiyā°), patisaṃ°; vi + paṭi°, sampaṭi°. The composition (assimilation°) form before vowels is pacc° (q.v.). Meanings. I. (literal) "back," in the sense of: 1. against, in opposition (opposite anu, see below III), contrary: viz. (a) often with the implication of a hostile attack (anti-. against): °kaṇṭaka, °kosati (re-ject), °kūla, °khipati (re-fuse, op-pose), °gha, °codeti (re-prove), °thambhati, °disā, °deseti, °pakkha, °patha, °piṃsati, °pīḷita, °magga, °manteti, °yodha (at-tack), °vacana (re-ply), °vadati, °vedeti, °sattu (enemy), °suṇāti, °hata; (b) warding off, protecting against (counter-, anti-): °kara (antidote), °sedhati (ward-off). (c) putting against, setting off in a comparison (counter-, rival): °puggala (one's equal), °purisa (rival), °bala (adequate), °bimba (counterpart), °bhāga (the same); °malla (rival wrestler), °sama, °sāsana, °sūra, °seṭṭha; (d) close contact (against, be-): °kujjita (covered), °gādha, °channa ("be-decked") °vijjhana. 2. in return, in exchange (in revenge) °akkosati, °āneti, °katheti, °karoti, °kūṭa 1 , °kkamati, °khamāpeti, °gāti (sing in response), °gīta, °daṇḍa (retribution), °dadāti, °dāna, °nivāsana, °paṇṇa (in reply), °pasaṃsati, °piṇḍa, °pucchati (ask in return), °māreti (kill in revenge), °bhaṇḍa (goods in exchange), °bhaṇḍati {353} (abuse in return) °rodana, °roseti, °vera (revenge), °sammodeti, °sātheyya. 3. (temporal) again, a second time (re-): °dasseti (re-appear), °nijjhatta, °nivattati, °pavesati, °pākatika (re-stored), °bujjhati, °vinicchinati, °sañjīvita (re-suscitated), °sandhi (re-incarnation), °sammajjati. 4. away from, back to (especially in compounds paṭivi°): °kuṭati (shrink back), °ghāta (repulsion), °dhāvati, °neti, °paṇāmeti (send away), °bandhati (hold back), °bāhati (the same), °vigacchati, °vineti, °vinodeti (drive out), °virata, °saṃharati, °sallīna, °sutta, °sumbhita. II. (applied, in reflexive sense): 1. to, onto, up to, towards, at-: °oloketi (look at), °gijjha (hankering after) °ggaha, °jānāti °pūjeti, °peseti (send out to), °baddha (bound to), °bhaya, °yatta, °rūpa, °laddha, °labhati (at-tain), °lābha °lobheti, °sāmeti, °sevati (go after), °ssata. 2. together (con-, com-), especially combined with °saṃ°; °saṃyuñjati; °passaddha, °maṇḍita, — saṅkharoti, °santhāra. 3. asunder, apart ("up"): °kopeti (shake up), °viṃsa (part), °vibhatta (divided up). 4. secondary, complementary, by-, sham (developed out of meaning I.1.c): °nāsikā (a false nose), °sīsaka (sham top knot); especially frequent in reduplicated (iterative) compounds, like aṅga-paccaṅga (limb and by-limb, i.e. all kinds of limbs), vata-paṭivatta (duties and secondary duties, all duties). In the latter application paṭi resembles the use of ā, which is more frequent (see ā 4 ). III. The opposite of pati in directional meaning is anu, with which it is frequent combined either (a) in negative contrast or (b) in positive emphasis, e.g. (a) anuvātaṃ paṭivātaṃ with and against the wind; anuloma + paṭiloma with and against the grain; °sotaṃ with and against the stream; (b) anumasati paṭimasati to touch cloesly (literal up and down).
(abbrev, abbrev) abbreviation of Paṭisambhidā (Magga)
(prefix, prefix) against; back; back towards; before; personally prefix having the meanings, against, opposite, towards, in opposition to