direct perception serving as a cause of error; perception leading to error Comment: An illustration is a sense direct perception apprehending the color of a mirage which directly generates a superimposition apprehending the mirage as water (smig rgyu la chur 'dzin pa'i sgro 'dogs dngos su skyed par byed pa'i smig rgyu'i kha dog'dzin pa'i dbang mngon).
possessing the cause for manifest bewilderment