kowwarAjan
koṭṭa-rājan or °rāja , lit. fort-ruler ; precise mg. not clear; sometimes clearly an independent potentate ( tho perhaps a minor one, cf. Mvy 3677 °rājā = Tib. khams kyi rgyal po , king of a realm, region , or rgyal phran , petty ruler ); so, °rāja iva mantrigaṇaparivṛtaḥ Divy 126.4 ; 148.15 ; 182.9 ; Av i.108.7 ; sarvakoṭṭarājānāṃ cāturdvīpakānāṃ ca sattvānāṃ Dbh 81.17 ; mānitāś ca bhaviṣyāmo 'navadyāś ca sarvakoṭṭarājabhiḥ (so read with several mss. for Lefm. °koṭa°), and we shall be honored and not contemned by all k° (surely foreign princes) LV 137.3 ; viṃśati ca sahasra paryantakāḥ koṭṭarājās tathā … LV 94.16 ( vs ), here they approach Śuddhodana submissively, possibly they may be vassals of his, but it seems more likely that they are foreign princes; but in other cases they seem clearly to be part of the kingʼs own retinue or at least direct dependents, apparently officers; so in LV 118.10 (Śuddhodana gives orders to the people of his city) saṃnipātyantāṃ sarvakoṭṭarājānaḥ, ekībhavantu śreṣṭhi-gṛhapaty-amātya-dauvārika-pāriṣadyāḥ; Mv i.231.15 rājā aśītihi koṭṭarājasahasrehi sārdhaṃ anyāye ca janatāye; 234.16 rājñā ca arcimena aśītihi ca koṭṭarājāna-sahasrehi (one cpd. word!); Divy 61.16 Śaṅkho 'pi rājā aśītikoṭṭarājasahasraparivāro; KP 84.8 (kumāraṃ) sarvaśreṣṭhinaigamajānapatayaḥ (read °padāḥ) koṭṭarājānaś ca namasyanti; Sukh 68.1 (amātyān stryāgārāñ śreṣṭhino) gṛhapatīn koṭṭarājāṃś ca paryeṣayed. It is, however, perhaps possible to take the word in all these latter cases as meaning vassal prince . The context gives no clue to the mg. in SP 433.4 ; Suv 153.9 .