1. kim ind. Used for ku only at the beginning of comp. to convey the senses of ‘badness,’ ‘deterioration’, ‘defect,’ ‘blame’ or ‘censure’; e. g. , kiMsaKA a bad friend; kinnaraH a bad or deformed man &c.; see comp. below. Comp. — dAsaH a bad slave, ( pb ) or servant. — naraH a bad or deformed man; a mythical being with a human figure and the head of a horse ( aSvamuKa ); jayodAharaRaM bAhvorgApayAmAsa kinnarAn R. 4. 78 ; Ku. 1. 8. °ISaH , °ISvaraH 1 an epithet of Kubera. 2 a kind of musical instrument. ( — rI f. ) 1 a female Kinnara; Me. 56. 2 a kind of lute. — puruzaH ‘a low or despicable man’, a mythical being with a human head and the form of a horse; Ku. 1. 14. °ISvaraH an epithet of Kubera. — praBuH a bad master or king; hitAnna yaH saMSfRute sa kiMpraBuH Ki. 1. 5. — rAjan a. having a bad king. ( — m. ) a bad king. — saKi m. ( nom. sing. kiMsaKA ) a bad friend: sa kiMsaKA sADu na SAsti yo'DipaM Ki. 1. 5.
2 kim pron. a. ( nom. sing. kaH m. , kA f. , kim n. ) 1 Who, what, which (used interrogatively); prajAsu kaH kena paTA prayAtItyaSezato veditumasti SaktiH Ś. 6. 25 ; karuRAvimuKena mftyunA haratA tvAM vada kiM na me hftaM R. 8. 67 ; kA Kalvanena prArTyamAnAtmanA vikatTate V. 2 ; kaH ko'tra BoH The pronoun is often used to imply ‘power or authority to do a thing’; i. e. ke AvAM paritrAtuM duzyaMtamAkraMda Ś. 1 ‘who are we &c.’, i. e. what power have we &c.; nfpasadmani nAma ke vayaM Bh. 3. 27 who are we, i. e. what position have we &c. Sometimes kiM means ‘long’ as applied to time especially in combination with Kalu or api or iva; kA Kalu velA tatraBavatyAH prAptAyAH Ve. 1 ‘what a time’ i. e. a long time has elapsed, &c; so kopi kAlastasyAAgatya gatAyAH Ratn. 3 ; or ka iva kAlaH Māl. 3. 2 The neuter ( kiM ) is frequently used with instr. of nouns in the sense of ‘what is the use of; kiM svAmicezwAnirUpaRena H. 1 ; loBaScedaguRena . kiM &c. Bh. 2. 55 ; kiM tayA dfzwayA Ś. 3 ; kiM kulenopadizwena SIlamebAtra kAraRam Mk. 9. 7. api, cit , cana, cidapi or svit are often added to kiM to give it an indefinite sense; viveSa kaScijjawilastapovanaM Ku. 5. 30 a certain ascetic &c.; kApi tata evAgatavatI Māl. 1 a certain lady; kasyApi kopIti niveditaM ca 1. 33 ; kimapi kimapi… jalpatorakrameRa U. 1. 27 ; kasmiMScidapi mahABAgaDeyajanmani manmaTavikAramupalakzitavAnasmi Māl. 1. kimapi, kiMcit ‘a little’, ‘somewhat; Y. 2. 116 ; U. 6. 35. kimapi also means ‘indescribable’; see ( pb ) api . iva is sometimes added to kim in the sense of ‘possibly’, ‘I should like to know’; (mostly adding force and elegance to the period); vinA sItAdevyA kimiva hi na duHKaM raGupateH U. 6. 30 ; kimiva hi maDurARAM maMqanaM nAkftInAM Ś. 1. 20 ; see iva also. — ind. 1 A particle of interrogation; jAtimAtreRa kiM kaScidDanyate pUjyate kvacit H. 1. 58 ‘is any one killed or worshipped’ &c.; tataH kiM what then. 2 A particle meaning ‘why’, ‘wherefore’; kimakAraRameva darSanaM vilapaMtyE rataye na dIyate Ku. 4. 7. 3 Whether (its correlatives in the sense of ‘or’ being kiM, uta, utAho, Ahosvit, vA, kiMvA , aTavA ; see these words). Comp. — api ind. 1 to some extent, somewhat, to a considerable extent. 2 inexpressibly, indescribably (as to quality, quantity, nature &c.). 3 very much, by far; kimapi kamanIyaM vapuridaM Ś. 3 ; kimapi BIzaRaM , kimapi karAlaM &c. — arTa a. having what motive or aim; kimarTo'yaM yatnaH . — arTaM ind. why, wherefore. — AKya a. having what name; kimAKyasya rAjarzeH sA patnI . Ś. 7. — iti ind. why, indeed, why to be sure, for what purpose (emphasizing the question); tatkimityudAsate BaratAH Māl. 1 ; kimityapAsyABaraRAni yOvane DftaM tvayA vArDakaSoBi valkalaM Ku. 5. 44. — u, -uta 1 whether-or (showing doubt or uncertainty); kimu vizavisarpaH kimu madaH U. 1. 35 ; Amaru. 9. 2 why (indeed); priyasuhftsArTaH kimu tyajyate . 3 how much more, how much less; yOvanaM DanasaMpattiH praButvamavivekitA . ekEkamapyanarTAya kimu yatra catuzwayaM .. H. Pr. 11 ; sarvAvinayAnAmekEkamapyezAmAyatanaM kimuta samavAyaH K. 103 ; R. 14. 35 ; Ku. 7. 65. — karaH a servant, slave; avehi mAM kiMkaramazwamUrteH R. 2. 35. — (rA) a female servant. ( rI ) the wife of a servant. — kartavyatA, -kAryatA any situation in which one asks oneself what should be done; kiMkartavyatAmUQaH ‘being at a loss or perplexed what to do’. — kAraRa a. having what reason or cause. — kila ind. what a pity (expressing displeasure or dissatisfaction, P. III. 3. 151 ); na saMBAvayAmi na marzayAmi tatraBavAn kiMkila vfzalaM yAjayizyati Sk. — kzaRa a. one who says ‘what is a moment,’ a lazy fellow who does ( pb ) not value moments; H. 2. 91. — gotra a. belonging to what family. — ca ind. moreover, and again, further. — cana ind. to a certain degree, a little. — cit ind. to a certain degree, somewhat, a little; kiMcidutkrAM . taSESavO R. 15. 33 ; 2. 46 , 12. 21. °jYa a. ‘knowing little,’ a smatterer. °kara a. doing something, useful. °kAlaH sometime, a little time. °prARa a. having a little life. °mAtra a. only a little. — CaMdas a. conversant with which Veda. — tanuH a species of spider. — tarhi ind. how then, but, however. — tu ind. , but, yet, however, nevertheless; avEmi cEnAmanaGeti kiMtu lokApavAdo balavAnmato me R. 14. 40 , 1. 65. — devata a. having what deity. — nAmaDeya, nAman a. having what name. — nimitta a. having what cause or reason, for what purpose. — nimittam ind. why, wherefore, — nu ind. 1 whether; kiM nu me maraRaM Sreyo parityAgo janasya vA Nala. 10. 10. 2 much more, much less; apitrElokyarAjyasya hetoH kinnu mahIkfte Bg. 1. 35. 3 what indeed; kiMnnu me rAjyenArTaH — nu Kalu ind. 1 how possibly, how is it that, why indeed, why to be sure; kiM nu Kalu gItArTamAkarpya izwajanavirahAdfte pi balavadutkAMWito'smi Ś. 5. 2 may it be that; kiM nu Kalu yaTA vayamasyAmevamiyamapyasmAn prati syAt Ś. 1. — paca, -pacAna a. miserly, niggardly. — parAkrama a. of what power or energy. — punar ind. how much more, how much less; svayaM ropit...