kAraRa · neuter · kāraṇa 1
reason
Kāraṇa (neuter) [in meaning 1 represented in later Sanskrit by kāraṇā f., in meaning 2 = Sanskrit kāraṇa neuter, equivalent to prakr̥ti, natural form, constituent, reason, cause]. 1. (a) a deed, action, performance, especially an act imposed or inflicted upon somebody by a higher authority (by the king as representative of justice or by kamma: M III 181; see kamma 11 3 A b.) as an ordeal, a feat or punishment: a labour or task in the sense of the 12 labours of Heracles or the labours of Hades. kāraṇaṃ kārāpeti "he makes somebody perform the task." — passive kāraṇaṃ or kāraṇā karīyati. Thus as a set of five tasks or Hell obligations under the name of pañcavidha-bandhana "the group of five" (not, as Warren translated page 257 "inflict on him the torture called the fivefold pinion"), a means of punishment in Niraya (q.v. under pañca). Not primarily torture (Rh.D, Q.K.M. I 254, and others with wrong derivation from kr̥ṇtati). At Dhp-a III 70 these punishments are comprehended under the term dasa-dukkhakāraṇāni (the ten punishments in misery); the meaning "punishment" also at Ja IV 87 (tantarajjukaṃ k°ṃ katvā), whereas at Ja VI 416 k. is directly paraphrased by "maraṇa," as much as "killing." Often spelt karaṇa, q.v.; the spelling kāraṇā (as feminine) at Miln 185 seems to be a later spelling for kāraṇaṃ. See karaṇa for further reference. — Kiṃ kāraṇaṃ ajja kāressati "what task will he impose on me today?" A V 324; as pañca-vidha-bandhana K° A I 141, Pv-a 251, Nidd II §304 III B 4 — As adjective °kāraṇa in dāruṇa° "being obliged to go through the dreadful trial" Pv-a 221. (b) duty obligation, in kāraṇ'ākāraṇā (plural) duties great and small Dhp-a I 385. Cf. also kāraṇaṃ karoti to try M I 444. (c) a trick (i.e. a duty imposed by a higher authority through training) Ja II 325 (ānañja°); Miln 201 (ākāsa-gamana°). 2. (a) acting, action as (material) cause: k°-bhūta being the cause of ... Pv-a 15; (b) (intellectual) cause, reason Miln 150; Dhp-a I 389; especially as —°: arodana° the reason for not crying Pv-a 63; asocana° same, ibid. 62; āgamana° the reason for coming (here) ibid. 81, 106. = pariyatti, Dhp-a. 36; = attha, Spk on I 215, Pj II I 238 — instrumental kāraṇena by necessity, needs Pv-a 195; tena k° therefore ibid. 40 — ablative kāranā by means of, through, by (= hetu or nissāya) Pv-a 27; imasmā k° therefore Pv-a 40; kāraṇaṭṭhā (explained as attha-kāraṇā Nidd II) for the purpose of some object or advantage Snp 75; opposite nikkāraṇā from unselfishness ibid. — sakāraṇa (adjective) with good reason (of vacana) Pv-a 109.
kāraṇa , cause (as in Skt. ; a few special uses): ( 1 ) Laṅk 9.18 f. sarva-kāraṇa-tīrthya-vyapeta-buddheḥ (Laṅkādhipateḥ), prob. having his intellect turned away from the heretics (who are characterized by the view that) all things are caused ( Suzuki ʼs version is impossible); ( 2 ) acc. adv. , for the sake (of, gen. ): SP 74.8 (prose) āgacchata (read prob. °tha with most mss. ) śīghraṃ teṣāṃ kāraṇaṃ nirdhāvata (°tha), come, run forth quickly for the sake of (getting) these (toys)!; ( 3 ) loc. , quasi- adv. , used in a way resembling Skt. sthāne, with good reason : Jm 223.20 ( vs ) jagad idam avakīrṇam kāraṇe tvadyaśobhiḥ.
action; proper action; special action, task, feat
【中】 理由，因素。kāraṇā,【來】 經由，通過，由。kiṃ kāraṇā = 爲什麽？
(nt, nt, act, from kāreti) task; labour [lit.] causing to do Construction: kāre + aṇa
(nt, nt, act, from kāreti) reason; cause reason, cause [lit.] causing to do Construction: kāre + aṇa
(nt, nt, act, from kāreti) (in debate) argument [lit.] causing to do Construction: kāre + aṇa
…该来源共 7 条释义