hetuH [ hi-tun Uṇ. 1. 73 ] 1 Cause, reason, object, motive; iti hetustadudBave K. P. 1 ; Māl. 1. 23 , R. 1. 10 ; Me. 25 ; Ś. 3. 12. 2 Source, origin; sa pitA pitarastAsAM kevalaM janmahetavaH R. 1. 24 ‘authors of their being’. 3 A means or instrument. 4 The logical reason, the reason for an ( pb ) inference, middle term (forming the second member of the five-membered syllogism). 5 Logic, science of reasoning. 6 Any logical proof or argument. 7 A rhetorical reason (regarded by some writers as a figure of speech); it is thus defined: - hetorhetu matA sArDamaBedo heturucyate . ( N. B. The forms hetunA, hetoH , rarely hetO , are used adverbially in the sense of ‘by reason of’, ‘on account of’, ‘because of’, with gen. or in comp. SAstravijYAnahetunA ; alpasya hetorbahu hAtumicCan R. 2. 47 ; vismftaM kasya hetoH Mu. 1. 1. &c.). Comp. — apadeSaH adducing the hetu (in the form of the five-membered syllogism). — ABAsaH ‘the semblance of a reason.’ a fallacious middle term, fallacy; (it is of five kinds: — savyaBicAra or anEkAMtika , virudDa, asidDa, satpratipakza and bADita ). — upakzepaH -upanyAsaH adducing a reason, statement of an argument. — vAdaH disputation, controversy. — SAstraM a logically-treated work, any heretical work questioning the authority of Smṛtis or revelation; Ms. 2. 11. — hetumat m. du. cause and effect. °BAvaH the relation existing between cause and effect.