gacCati · present 3 singular · gacchati 1
go
Gacchati [Vedic gacchat(i), a desiderative (future) formation from °gṷem "I am intent upon going," i.e. I go, with the following bases. — Future-present °gṷemskēti > °gaṣhcati > Sanskrit gacchati = Greek βάσκω (to βαίυω). In meaning cf. i, Sanskrit emi, Greek εὶμι "I shall go" and in form also Sanskrit pr̥cchāti = Latin porsco "I want to know," Vedic icchati "to desire." — Present °gṷemīo = Sanskrit gamati = Greek βαίνω, Latin venio, Gothic qiman, Old High German koman, English come; and non-present formations as Osk. kūmbened, Sanskrit gata = Latin ventus; gantu = (adverb) ventus. — °gṷā, which is correlated to °stā, in Pret. Sanskrit āgām, Greek ἕβην, cf. βῆμα]. These three formations are represented in Pāli as follows: 1. gacch°, in present gacchati; imperative gaccha and gacchāhi; potential gacche (Dhp 46, 224) and gaccheyya; present participle gacchanto, medium gacchamāna; future (2nd) gacchissati; preterit agacchi (Vv-a 307; v.l. agañchi). 2. (cf. H. Berger, MSS 4 (1954), 29 f. ) gam° in three variations; viz. (a) gam°, in present causative gameti; future gamissati; preterit 3 singular agamā (Snp 408, 976; Vv 79 7 ; Mhv 7, 9), agamāsi and gami (Pv II 8 6 ) 1st plural agamiṃhase (Pv II 3 10 ), plural agamuṃ (Snp 290), agamaṃsu and gamiṃsu; prohibitive mā gami; gerund gamya (Ja V 31); gerundive gamanīya (Pj I 223). See also derivatives gama, gamana, gāmika, gāmin. (b) gan°, in preterit agañchi (on this form see Trenckner, "Notes", page 71 f. — In nāgañchi Ja III 190 it belongs to ā + gam); present-preterit gañchisi (Snp 665); infinitive gantuṃ; gerund gantvā; gerundive gantabba. See also derivative gantar. (c) ga°, in past participle gata. See also ga, gati, gatta. 3. gā°, in preterit agā (Pv II 3 22 ), 3rd plural preterit agū (= Sanskrit °uḥ), in ajjhagū, anvagū (q.v.). Meanings and Use: 1. to go, to be in motion, to move, to go on (as opposed to standing still, tiṭṭhati). Frequently in combination with tiṭṭhati nisīdati seyyaṃ kappeti "to go, to stand, sit down and lie down," to denote all positions and every kind of behaviour; Nidd II sub voce gacchati. evaṃ kāle gacchante, as time went on Ja III 52, or evaṃ g° kāle (Pv-a 54, 75) or gacchante gacchante kāle Dhp-a I 319; gacchati = paleti Pv-a 56; vemakoṭi gantvā pahari (whilst moving) Dhp-a III 176. 2. to go, to walk (as opposed to run, dhāvati) Dhp-a I 389. 3. to go away, to go out, to go forth (as opposed to stay, or to come, āgacchati): agamāsi he went Pv II 8 6 ; yo maṃ icchati anvetu yo vā n'icchati gacchatu "who wants me may come, who does not may go" Snp 564; āgacchantānañ ca gacchantānañ ca pamāṇaṃ n'atthi "there was no end of all who came and went" Ja II 133; gacchāma "let us go" Ja I 263; gaccha dāni go away now! Ja II 160; gaccha re muṇḍaka Vism 343; gacchāhi go then! Ja I 151, 222; mā gami do not go away! Ja IV 2; plural mā gamittha Ja I 263; gacchanto on his way Ja I 255, 278; agamaṃsu they went away Ja IV 3; gantukāma anxious to go Ja I 222, 292; kattha gamissasi where are you going° (opposite agacchasi) Dhp-a III 173; kahaṃ gacchissatha the same Ja II 128; kuhiṃ gamissati where is he going? Snp 411, 412. 4. with accusative or substitute: to go to, to have access to, to arrive or get at (with the aim of the movement or the object of the intention); hence figurative to come to know, to experience, to realize. (a) with accusative of direction: Rājagahaṃ gami he went to R. Pv II 8 6 ; Devadaha-nagaraṃ gantuṃ Ja I 52; gacchāma'haṃ Kusināraṃ I shall go to K. D II 128; Suvaṇṇabhūmiṃ gacchanti they intended to go ("were going") to S. Ja III 188; migavaṃ g. to go hunting Ja I 149; janapadaṃ gamissāma Ja II 129; paradāraṃ g. to approach another man's wife Dhp 246. (b) with adverbs of direction or purpose (atthāya): santikaṃ (or santike) gacchati to go near a person (in genitive), pitu s. gacchāma Dhp-a III 172; devāna santike gacche Dhp 224 santikaṃ also Ja I 152: II 159, etc. — kathaṃ tattha gamissāmi how shall I get there? Ja I 159; II 159; tattha agamāsi he went there Ja II 160. dukkhānubhavanatthāya gacchamānā "going away for the purpose of undergoing suffering" Ja IV 3; vohāratthāya gacchāmi I am going out (= future) on business Ja II 133. — Similarly (figurative) in following expressions (opposite "to go to heaven," etc. = to live or experience a heavenly life, opposite next); Nirayaṃ gamissati Ja VI 368; saggaṃ lokaṃ g. Ja I 152; gacche pāram apārato Snp 1129, in this sense interpreted at Nidd II §223 as adhigacchati phusati sacchikaroti, to experience. — Sometimes with double accusative: Bhagavantaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi "I entrust {215} myself to Bh." Vin I 16. — Cf. also phrases as atthaṅgacchati to go home, to set, to disappear; antarā-gacchati to come between, to obstruct. 5. to go as a stronger expression for to be, i.e. to behave, to have existence, to fare (cf. German es geht gut, French cela va bien = it is good). Here belongs gati "existence," as mode of existing, element, sphere of being, and out of this use is developed the periphrastic use of gam°, which places it on the same level with the verb "to be" (see b). (a) sugatiṃ gamissasi you will go to the state of well-being, i.e. heaven Vin II 195; It 77; past participle duggatiṃ gacchanti Dhp 317-319; maggaṃ na jānanti yena gacchanti subbatā (which will fall to their share) Snp 441; gamissanti yattha gantvā na socare "they will go where one sorrows not" Snp 445; Vv 51 4 ; yañ ca karoti ... tañ ca ādāya gacchati "whatever a man does, that he will take with him" S I 93. (b) periphrastic (with gerund of governing verb): nagaraṃ pattharitvā gaccheyya "would spread through the town" Ja I 62; pariṇāmaṃ gaccheyya "could be digested" D II 127; sīhacammaṃ ādāya agamaṃsu "they took the lion's skin away with them" Ja II 110; itthiṃ pahāya gamissati shall leave the woman alone Ja VI 348; sve gahetvā gamissāmi "I shall come for it tomorrow" Miln 48.
gacchati , seems to be used in the sense of Skt. tiṣṭhati, vartate, exists, carries on , or substantially this, in Mv i.22.11 (gharakehi) oruddhā chinna-īryāpathā ( mss. oruddha chinna-ir°) gacchanti, (sinners in hell) shut up in huts, get along with their freedom of action cut off . So Senartʼs note . PTSD s.v. 5 gives a similar definition, but the passages it cites obviously do not support it. Here perhaps gacchanti Mv i.17.11, 12 .
of people, animals, rivers, roads etc.) goes; moves, walks; goes away, leaves; goes to (+ accusative or santike/santikaṁ etc.); often with absolutive, eg. ādāya ~ati, gahetvā ~ati, goes with, takes; pahāya ~ati, goes off without, leaves behind; goes to another existence, another birth etc.; follows a course; follows a future course; goes to an activity; goes to do something; goes to in a sexual intercourse; has intercourse with; goes to a state of condition; undergoes, reaches; obtains; relies on; Note: the first person present is sometimes used to express an immediate or near future sense: I am going; I am going to go; we are about to go
(gam + a), 去，行，走。【過】 gacchi,【現分】 gacchanta，gacchamāna,【過分】 gata。
(pr, pr) goes; walks; moves; wanders around; travels goes, moves, walks Construction: gaccha + ti
(pr, pr) becomes [lit.] goes Construction: gaccha + ti