duHKa a. [ duzwAni KAni yAsmin, duzwaM Kanati Kan-qa, duHK ac vA Tv. ] 1 Painful, disagreeable, unpleasant; siMhAnAM ninadA duHKAH SrotuM duHKamato vanaM Rām. 2 Difficult, uneasy. — KaM 1 Sorrow, grief, unhappiness, distress, pain, agony; suKaM hi duHKAnyanuBUya SoBate Mk. 1. 10 ; yadevopanataM duHKAtsuKaM tadrasavattaraM V. 3. 21 ; so duHKasuKa, samaduHKasuKa &c. 2 Trouble, difficulty; Ś. Til. 12 ; Pt. 1. 163. ( duHKaM and duHKena are used as adverbs in the sense of ‘hardly’, ‘with great difficulty or trouble’ Ś. 7. 13 ; Bg. 12. 5 ; Ku. 4. 13 ; Pt. 1. ; R. 19 , 49 ; H. 1. 158 ). Comp. — atIta a. freed from pain. — aMtaH final emancipation. — Arta , anvita a. pained, afflicted, distressed. — kara a. painful, troublesome. — grAmaH ‘the scene of suffering’, worldly existence. — Cinna a. 1 tough, hard. 2 pained, distressed. — Cedya a. 1 hard. 2 to be conquered with difficulty. — jAta a. feeling pain. — dohyA (a cow) difficult to be milked. — prAya, bahula a. full of trouble or grief. — BAj a. unhappy. — BogaH occurrence of trouble or misery. — lokaH worldly life, the world as a scene of constant suffering. — SIla a. 1 hard to please or manage, bad-tempered, irritable; R. 3. 6. Ś. 4. 2 accustomed to the misery of; kAmekapatnIvrataduHKaSIlAM Ku. 3. 7 ‘who is accustomed to (suffers) the misery (hard lot) of a perfectly chaste life. — saMcAra a. 1 passing (time) unhappily. 2 impassable. — sAgaraH ‘the sea of troubles’; worldly life.