OpapAduka
aupapāduka (°dika?) , or upapāduka , adj. (the two forms identical in mg. and both included below; list of occurrences of upapāduka s.v. ; aupapādika only SP 408.12 , where 2 mss. °duka; corresp. to Pali opapātika, Jain Skt. aupa°, AMg. uvavāia, °iya; der. from upapāda , q.v. ; with Leumann, Aup.S. 1 ; Weber I.St. 16.377 , I believe BHS shows the etymologically historical form, from upa-pad, contrary to Childers , s.v. , and Lévi JA. 1912 Pt. 2 p. 503 ; the counter-argument that upa-pad means to be born in the usual [rather, in any] way is inconclusive, since the passages cited below show that in BHS these words are definitely associated with upa-pad, see esp. SP 260.11—12 ; 408.12 ; Divy 300.17 ), born by spontaneous generation : often the fourth of 4 kinds of beings classified as to manner of birth, aṇḍajā(ḥ vā) jārāyujā(ḥ vā) saṃsvedajā(ḥ vā)aupapādukā(ḥ vā), SP 346.8 ; Mv i.211.16 = ii.15.15—16 ; ii.163.21 ; Sādh 26.7 ; or °upapādukā(ḥ vā) Mvy (2279—)2282 ; Mv i.212.7 ( v.l. aupa°); Dharmas 90 ( n. sg. forms); also in cpd. -aṇḍaja-jarāyuja-saṃsvedajaupapāduka- Dbh 15.8 ; jarāyujāṇḍajasaṃsvedaja-upapāduka-sattva- Mmk 16.14 ; with omission of one member, aṇḍaja, saṃsvedaja, upapāduka, Gv 264.24 ; jarāyuja-saṃsvedajaupapādukānāṃ Divy 627.17 ; sometimes with addition of other terms, as rūpiṇo vārūpiṇo vā saṃjñino vāsaṃjñino vā etc. SP 346.8 ; Sādh 26.7 , and similar additions in some others of the above; other occurrences: Divy 300.17 aupapādukāḥ sattvā ghaṭīyantraprayogena cyavamānā upapadyamānāś ca ( falling and being reborn in the manner of a bucket-machine , sc. for raising water from a well) kartayvāḥ (as part of the pañcagaṇḍakaṃ , q.v. , cakram); usually, as here, of human beings, esp. Buddhas, Bodhisattvas, and cakravartins; they often appear sitting on lotuses, which may themselves be spontaneously generated , as in SP 260.11—12 yasmiṃś ca buddhakṣetra upapatsyate tasminn aupapāduke saptaratnamaye padma upapatsyate; SP 455.4 ( vs ; in 3 ‘there is no sexual intercourse’) upapāduka te jinorasāḥ padmagarbheṣu niṣaṇṇa nirmalāḥ; Śikṣ 175.8 te (bodhisattvāḥ) tatra nānāraṅgeṣu padmeṣūpapādukāḥ prādurbhavanti; contrasted with birth in the womb, Sukh 65.16 (anye garbhāvāsaṃ) prativasant, anye ( sc. bodhisattvāḥ) punar aupapādukāḥ padmeṣu paryaṅkaiḥ prādurbhavanti (also 66.6 ), some dwell in the dwelling of the womb ( Müller. SBE 49, 2 , p. 62 calyx! ), others, spontaneously generated, appear sitting cross-legged on lotuses ; similarly Mv i.145.4 (na khalu …) bodhisattvā mātāpitṛnirvṛttā bhavanti, atha khalu svaguṇanirvṛttyā (so with mss. , by the creative power of their own virtues ) upapādukā ( v.l. aup°) bhavanti; in Mv i.153.6 ff. it is explained that Bodhisattvas, after rebirth in the Tuṣita heaven, do not engage in sex relations, and hence Siddhārtha was not Rāhulaʼs father; Rāhula nevertheless entered (in some way not explained) the womb of Yaśodharā; but R. was not aupapāduka as cakravartins are, 153.16—154.3 (rājānaś cakravartinaḥ) aupapādukā babhūvu … cakravartigaṇāḥ [Page163-a] aupapādukā āsan, na tathā Rāhurabhadra iti; that cakravartins are aupa° (upa°) is also shown by Gv 254.12 ( vs , of a cakravartin, having the 32 lakṣaṇa) upapāduko padumagarbhe; 268.26 cakravartī caturdvīpeśvaraḥ aupapādukaḥ padmagarbhe …; elsewhere however it is clear that one born from the womb may nevertheless be aup°, Gv 339.4 yayā ( sc. Māyayā) sa upapādukaḥ kumāra ( sc. the bodhisattva Śākyamuni) utsaṅge pratigṛhītaḥ; SP 408.12 (of a bodhisattva; rājño Vimaladattasya) gṛha upapanna aupapādika (2 mss. °duka) utsaṅge paryaṅkeṇa prādurbhūto 'bhūt; other statements about aup° (up°) are that anything they wish is instantly fulfilled, Av ii.95.11 (see s.v. upapāduka ) yenopapādukaḥ saṃvṛttaḥ sa(ha)cittotpādāc cāsya yac cintayati yat prārthayate tat sarvaṃ samṛdhyatīti; they have the 32 lakṣaṇa, and otherwise marvelous bodies, SP 205.14 ( vs ) upapādukāḥ sarvi ( sc. sattvāḥ) suvarṇavarṇā dvātriṃśatīlakṣaṇarūpadhāriṇaḥ; SP 202.5 te sattvā aupapādukā bhaviṣyanti … manomayair ātmabhāvaiḥ svayaṃprabhā(ḥ) …; such birth results from high moral attainments in the past, Divy 533.25 (striyo yāḥ pañcānām avarabhāgīyānāṃ) saṃyojanānāṃ ( q.v. ) prahāṇād upapādukāḥ; this word is suggested by the letter au in the young Bodhisattvaʼs spelling lesson, LV 127.10 aukāre aupapāduka-śabdaḥ.