Mārga,譯為道。因中之道,四諦中之道諦是也。若果中之道,則名為菩提。大乘義章十八曰:「道者,外國名曰末伽,此翻名道。菩提胡語,此亦名道。(中略)因中之道名為末伽,果中之道說為菩提。」
mārga; track, path, way, the way; the fourth of the four dogmas 四諦, i. e. 道, known as the 八聖道, 八正道 (or 八正門), the eight holy or correct ways, or gates out of suffering into nirvana. Mārga is described as the 因 cause of liberation, bodhias its 果 result.
末伽 或槃那,晉云道。法界次第云:道以能通為義,道有二種:一正道,實觀三十七道品,三解脫門,緣理慧行,名為正道。二助道者,得解觀中,種種諸對治法,及諸禪定,皆是助道。此二相扶,能通涅槃,故名為道。此四華梵,出賢愚經。毗曇云:佛為四王,作聖語說四諦,二解二不解;又作毗陀語,一解一不解;又作梨車語說,四王俱解。故知四諦,名非一槩。此四諦法,若以藥病區揀,苦集是世間因果,此屬於病;道滅是出世間因果,此當乎藥。若以真俗甄別,則有三義:一者四諦俱真,如涅槃云:我昔與汝等,不見四真諦,是故久流轉生死大苦海。二者四諦俱俗,止觀云:滅尚非真,三諦焉是。三者一真三俗。勝鬘云:此四聖諦,三是無常,一是常。又云:是故苦諦集諦道諦,非第一義諦,非常、非依。一苦滅諦,離有相者,是常。又涅槃經明於四諦,凡有四種:一生滅四諦,二無生四諦,三無量四諦,四無作四諦。勝鬘經中亦明四種:一有作四諦,二有量四諦,三無作四諦,四無量四諦。但此二經詮次少異。荊溪問曰:何故立此四種四諦之殊?答:諦本無四,諦只是理。理尚無一,云何有四?故知依如來藏同體權實大悲願力,隨順物機不獲己而用之。機宜不同,致法差降。從一實理,開於權理,權實二理,能詮教殊,故有四種差別教起:三藏詮生滅,通教詮無生,別教詮無量,圓教詮無作。是故天台明四種四諦之法也。
巨迦反