SikzA
śikṣā (see also śiṣyā ), ( 1 ) śi° tisraḥ (or, in Mvy 929 , trīṇi śikṣāṇi), (the three) instructions ( Pali sikkhā), viz. by the Vinaya (-piṭaka) in reference to moral conduct (adhiśīlam), by the Sūtra in reference to thought, intellect (adhicittam), by the Abhidharma in reference to wisdom, insight (adhiprajñam); correspondingly in Pali : see Sūtrāl. xi.1 ; xx.17 ; Mvy 929 ; Dharmas 140 ; śikṣāsu RP 30.11 . The words adhiśīlam etc. were orig. adverbs (adhi governing the second member, in a manner referring to … ) and are still so used, e.g. Bbh 373.20—21 adhiśīlaṃ (and adhicittaṃ, adhiprajñaṃ) śikṣā; loc. forms are also used in the same way, as adhicitte ca āyogaḥ Ud xxxii.27(32) = Pali Dhp. 185 (same text). These forms may be turned into adjectives: adhiśīlo vihāro Bbh 335.1 ; sa vihāraḥ adhicitta ity ucyate Bbh 338.21 (this usage seems not recorded in Pali ). Often the stems adhiśīla-, adhicitta-, adhiprajña- are used as prior members of cpds. , in which case precise analysis becomes difficult; so Bbh 185.14 ; 333.2 ; 335.3 ; 338.24 ; 341.8 ; etc. But sometimes adhiprajñā-śikṣā is used as a cpd. , Dharmas 140 , the prior member being then evidently taken as stem of a noun. As nouns, adhiśīla, adhicitta, and adhiprajñā, like their Pali equivalents, are used Mvy 930—2 ; Bbh 317.2 (parallel with adhimuktiḥ), [Page527-b] being then reinterpreted (with adhi = adhika) as superior morality, intellect, wisdom , see CPD s.vv. adhisīla, °citta, °paññā; ( 2 ) like Pali sikkhā ( tho PTSD and Childers do not clearly recognize the fact), śikṣā also means morality , perhaps as a reflex of its use in the cpd. śikṣā ( Pali sikkhā)- pada , q.v. : Bhīk 10a.1 , after repetition of the five śikṣāpada the novīce says, teṣām … śikṣāyām anuśikṣe, I (will) imitate them (see anuśikṣati ) in moral conduct .